Estimating the losses of honey bee colonies and their potential causes within the beekeepers at Assiut governorate [Upper Egypt], during three years survey by using questionnaire method

This study records the data of three years, 2009/2010, 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 survey of losses in managed honey bee colonies in Assiut governorate. The survey of colony losses and potential causes was obtained via questionnaire method. The surveyed beekeepers had loss a total of 4639 colonies between September and March. Colony loss percentages were 15.78 in 2009/2010; 28.11 in 2010/2011 and in 2011/2012 15.6. Survey information indicated that colony losses range widely depending on the operation size of the beekeepers. Commercial beekeepers [those operating more than >200 colonies] lost the lower number of colonies as compared to hobbyist, intermediate and semi-commercial beekeepers. Oriental hornets, poor quality queens, pesticides and CCD-like symptoms were the leading self-identified reasons of losses as reported by most beekeepers. Finally, it must circulate such as this questionnaire over all Egypt to understand the extent of the problem and try to find out the resolve

Remifentanil by patient controlled analgesia compared with epidural analgesia for pain relief in labour

Epidural analgesia has been established as the gold standard for labour analgesia. However, clinical contraindications and personnel or institutional limitations preclude some parturients from receiving an epidural. Remifentanil has been suggested as an ideal opioid for patient controlled analgesia [PCA] in labour. In our study we compared the use of PCA remifentanil to epidural analgesia in labour as regard pain relief, safety of the mother and the fetus, side effects, and overall parturient's satisfaction. After ethical committee approval and informed written consent 30 healthy pregnant women ASA I or II, with no obstetric complications or contraindication to remifentanil or epidural analgesia were included in the study randomly allocated into one of two equal groups, in [Group EP] epidural infusion of bupivacain 1% plus 2 micro g/ml of fentanyl was given and in [Group R] the women received PCA remifentanil with a bolus of 0.4 micro g kg[-1] over 20 seconds and a lockout period of 1 min as an analgesia for labour. There was significant decrease in [VAS] of pain in both groups with significantly more decrease in [Group EP]. There were no significant difference between both groups as regard arterial blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, nausea, and overall patient's satisfaction. Sedation scores were significantly higher in [Group R], there were no serious bradycardia, hypotension, or desaturation, and all the parturients were easily arousable. There were no fetal heart rate changes that required interference. The median 1 and 5 minutes Apgar scores were 9 in both groups, and the mean umbilical cord gases, and lactate levels were within normal limits with no difference between both groups. Our study demonstrated that epidural infusion gives superior analgesia for labour than PCA remifentanil, however PCA remifentanil is a good, safe, and could be an alternative method of analgesia for labour

Peribulbar anaesthesia using a mixture of local anaesthetic and vecronium

In this study, 50 patients were selected and randomly distributed into two groups. The results showed a significant lid and globe akinesia after five and ten minutes from injection without any detectable side effects. It was concluded that the addition of a low dose of vecronium [0.5 mg] to the local anesthetic mixture can improve the operating conditions of peribulbar block

Spectrophometric methods for the determination of lansopazole and pantoprazole sodium sequihydrate

Spectrophotometric procedures for the determination of 2 irreversible proton pump inhibitors, lansoprazole [I] and pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate [II] were presented. 2 methods were based on charge transfer complex reaction of these drugs, where they act as n-donor with either pi acceptor 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyano-1, 4-benzoquinone [DDQ] and with sigma acceptor as iodine. A third method was also investigated depended on ternary complex formation with eosin and copper [II]. The colored products were quantified spectrophotometrically using absorption b and s at 457 nm for DDQ [method A], at 293 nm and 359 nm for iodine [method B] and at 549 nm using ternary complex formation [method C], for both drugs. The molar combining ratio and the optimum assay conditions were studied

Spectrofluorimetric and densitometric determination of losartan potassium

Two simple, sensitive and selective methods for the determination of losartan potassium were developed [the first was spectrofluorimetric and the second depends on the quantitative densitometric evaluation of thin layer chromatogram of the resolved drug at 212 nm]. The proposed methods were applied successfully for the determination of losartan potassium in bulk powder and pharmaceutical formulations. The results obtained were statistically analyzed and compared with those obtained by a reported manufacturer method. The validity of the proposed procedures was further assessed by applying the st and ard addition technique. Densitometric method was applied indicating a method for the determination of losartan potassium or the presence of its degradation products. Also, both methods were used for the determination of the drug in the admixture with hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical formulations

Is it worthy to do CT to diagnose acute appendicitis

20 patients have been evaluated by CT, if they have appendicitis either proximal or distal. the changed occurred in CT has been documented by many radiologist. Our purpose is to find, is it worthy to do CT to diagnose appendicitis in Egypt. Appendicitis historically has been diagnosed clinically, with only occastional use of diagnostic imaging. Reported rates of negative findings at diagnostic laparotomy in patients diagnosed clinically range between 6.5% and 45% [average, 20%] [1-3]. Reported clinical false - negative ranges between 7% and 33% [average, 20%] [4.5] when clinical impression alone was relied on for diagnosis, a normal appendix was removed in approximately every fifth patient who underwent appendecetomy and the diagnosis was over looked in every fifth patient who actually has appendicitis but was clinically evaluated and sent home