retrospective study of medically compromised patients referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Introduction: Due to the increased prevalence of medically compromised patients who require dental treatments, it is a crucial task for dentists and dental specialists to prepare themselves for emergent professional situations. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of different medical problems among a population of patients admitted to a dental educational center. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, the prevalence of medical problems in patients [n = 968] referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the School of Dentistry of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, was investigated for 3 consecutive months. Result: Among all patients, 397 were medically compromised patients. The mean age of the patients was 48 +/- 0.15 and 51.4% were men. The results showed that 41% of the patients had at least one medical problem. The two most common diseases were hypertension [13.9%] and diabetes mellitus [6.3%], respectively. The majority of patients with medical problems were referred from private dental offices. The majority of patients [97%] had well-controlled systemic diseases that could be treated in a private office. Conclusion: This investigation showed the necessity of teaching the management of medically compromised patients in dental school curriculum and in continuous dental education programs

effect of interleukin 36Gene therapy in the regression of tumor

Cancer immunotherapy attempts to stimulate the immune system to reject and destroy tumors and is one of the cancer treatment strategies. Recently, interluekin36 [IL36] has been used as immunotherapeutic agents in cancer gene therapy. Present study investigated that the IL36 gene therapy effects on the regression of tumor masses in mouse model. Aim of this study is determination of the gene therapy effects by IL36 in the regression of tumor masses in mouse model. To study the therapeutic efficacy of this cytokine, WEHI-164 tumor cells were transected with mIL36 plasmids. ELISA test was used to check cytokine production by transected cells. To establish fibro sarcoma mouse model, Tumoral transfected cells were injected subcutaneously to inoculate tumor in BALB/C mice. Tumor volumes were measured by caliper. Mice were sacrificed and tumors were extracted. The expression of IL36 and IFN-gamma was studied with Real-time PCR and immunoblotting. The expression of Ki-67 [a tumor proliferation marker] in tumor masses was studied by immunohistochemistry staining. In this study we had 2 groups which are treated with IL-36 and Untreated with IL-36 as a blank. The group treated with IL36 indicated decrease of tumor mass volume [p<0.001]. The results of western blotting and real-time PCR showed the IL36 expression increased in the group treated with IL36 [with relative expression of 1.9]. Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that the Ki-67expression has been reduced in the group interfered with IL36. IL36 gene therapy has therapeutic effects on the regression of tumor masses in fibro sarcoma mouse model

Efficacy of tranexamic acid on blood loss during bimaxilary osteotomy: a randomized double blind clinical trial

Tranexamic acid has been used to reduce bleeding and the subsequent need for blood transfusion in many surgeries. Because orthognathic surgery can be associated with significant bleeding, this study evaluated the efficacy of prophylactic intravenous [IV] tranexamic acid on blood loss during bimaxillary osteotomy. Thirty-two consecutive patients, scheduled for elective bimaxillary osteotomy, were included in the study and 16 were randomly assigned to each group. They received tranexamic acid [20 mg/kg] or equal volume of placebo [normal saline] intravenously just before induction of anesthesia. Intraoperative blood loss, pre and post operative hemoglobin [Hb] and hematocrit [Hct] concentration, duration of surgery, hospital stay time, and rate of blood transfusion were recorded for each patient. Intraoperative blood loss in the tranexamic group and control group were 585.9 and 790 mL respectively [P=0.008]. Postoperative Hb concentration at the 6[th] hour was greater in the tranexamic group [P=0.008]. There was no significant difference in the Hct concentration between the study groups. There was no significant difference in blood transfusion rate, hospital stay time and duration of surgery between the study groups. Preoperative IV administration of tranexamic acid reduces the amount of blood loss during bimaxillary osteotomy