Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer

Patients infected with Helicobacter pylon, a stomach colonizing bacteria, have an increased risk of developing gastric malignancies, in particular gastric carcinomas. This review was aimed to analyze the relationship between gastric carcinoma and Helicobacter pylon infection and to rule out the possibility of preventive measures. To identify articles for this review, a PubMed search was conducted using the following key words gastric cancer, Helicobacter pylon. The risk for developing cancer includes environmental, host-genetic and bacterial factors, which induce physiologic and histologic changes in the stomach. There are two major pathways for the development of gastric cancer by helicobacter pylon: the indirect action on gastric epithelial cells through inflammation leading to gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia and the direct action through the induction of protein modulation and gene mutation

[Biliary stent occlusion]

Endoscopic stent insertion is as a method of choice for palliative treatment of malignant biliary strictures. Two types of biliary stent were actually used plastic and metallic self-expandable. Occlusion of the stent can be observed in both. To assess the management of biliary stent occlusion. From january 2006 to december 2007, 120 biliary stents were inserted in 97 patients. Indications of biliary stents were malignant stricture in 67%of cases. Biliary stern occlusion was defined by necessity of stent replacement. 118 plastic and 2 metallic self-expandable biliary stents were inserted. Obstruction of the biliary stent was observed in 12 patients, after a mean time of 5,5 months [1-15]. A recurrent biliary desobstruction was necessary in 6 patients. Stent exchange was realised in 33,3%of cases for malignant biliary stenosis and in 66,6%for benign stricture [p=0, 01]. Obstruction of the steot was symptomatic [cholangitis, jaundice] in more of 50%of cases. Management consisted on the stent exchange by a new plastic stent for clogging plastic stent and on insertion of plastic stent inside the metallic one for the occluded metallic stent. Obstruction can occur for the two types of biliary stent. Survival of the patient, cost of the stent guide the choice of the stent will be used