RESUMEN
Background: The purpose of the study is to investigate hormonal risk factors and their impact on the development of this cancer.Methods: This is a case-control study conducted at the Mohammed VI Centre for Cancer Treatment in Casablanca.Results: The average age of the patients is 50.43 years with a standard deviation of 11.21. Exposure to endogenous estrogens appears to have an impact on the occurrence of breast cancer in the population. The early age of menarche in patients is on average 13.31±1.69 years compared to 13.65±1.54 years in controls, with a significant difference (p = 0.01). Parity is on average 2.54 children in cases versus 2.94 in controls with a significant difference (p = 0.02). Regarding the distribution of the cumulative duration of breastfeeding, 19.3% of patients compared to 12.3% of controls breastfed their children for less than one year; 80.7% of cases compared to 87.7% of controls breastfed their children for more than one year (OR=0.58; 95% CI: 0.35 - 0.97; P trend=0.03). In addition, hypovitaminosis D was noted in 2.3% of patients compared to 0.3% of controls with OR=7.14; 95% CI: 0.87 - 58.39; P trend=0.06. In addition, the supply of exogenous estrogen would also be incriminated. The risk of breast cancer appears to be influenced mainly by oral contraceptive use, which was found in 60% of cases vs. 41.3% of controls with OR=2.07; 95% CI: 1.50 - 2.86; P trend=0.0001.Conclusions: The results highlighted that breast cancer risk is highly dependent on early and prolonged exposure to estrogenic impregnation. This effect would be modulated by ovarian activity, puberty or menopause age, parity and breastfeeding.
RESUMEN
Background: The study aims to examine the association between lifestyle habits and breast cancer risk in a Moroccan population.Methods: This is a case-control study conducted at the Mohammed VI Centre for cancer treatment in Casablanca.Results: The results highlighted that family history of breast cancer (OR=5.73) and alcohol consumption (OR=3.76) were positively associated with breast cancer. Analysis of anthropometric parameters showed that the risk of developing breast cancer is estimated at 1.78 in overweight women and 2.39 in obese women compared to those of normal weight. The risk of developing breast cancer is estimated at 1.82 for women with a WC greater than 88 cm and 1.70 for women with a WHR greater than 0.85. At age 10, the risk is 1.60 for women with a large figure compared to women with a small figure. However, at age 40, the average body shape relative to the lean body was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer. In addition, the data confirmed that physical activity participation decreases with age; in childhood and adolescence, women are more active while in post-menopause, women become moderately active. Being very active in childhood, peri-menopause and post-menopause seems to be a protective factor against the occurrence of breast cancer.Conclusions: The study showed that the risk of breast cancer is potentially high in elderly women, overweight women and women with a family history of cancer. This risk was increased by behavioral factors such as toxic habits and physical inactivity.