Celiac disease microarray analysis based on system biology approach

Aim: Aim of this study is screen of the large numbers of related genes of CD to find the key ones

Background: Celiac disease [CD] is known as a gluten sensitive and immune system dependent disease. There are several high throughput investigations about CD but it is necessary to clarify new molecular aspects mechanism of celiac

Methods: Whole-genome profile [RNA] of the human peripheral blood mononuclear cells [PBMCs] as Gene expression profile GSE113469 was retrieved Gene Expression Omnibus [GEO] database. The significant genes were selected and analyzed via proteinprotein interaction [PPI] network by Cytoscape software. The key genes were introduced and enriched via ClueGO to find the related biochemical pathways

Results: Among 250 significant genes 47 genes with expressed change above 2 fold change [FC] were interacted and the constructed network were analyzed. The network characterized by poor connections so it was promoted by addition 50 related nodes and 18 crucial nodes were introduced. Two clusters of biochemical pathways were identified and discussed

Conclusion: There is an obvious conflict between microarray finding and the well-known related genes of CD. This problem can be solve by more attention to the interpretation of PPI ntwork analysis results

Network analysis of common genes related to esophageal, gastric, and colon cancers

Aim: The aim of this study was to provide a biomarker panel for esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancers. It can help introducing some diagnostic biomarkers for these diseases

Background: Gastrointestinal cancers [GICs] including esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancers are the most common cancers in the world which are usually diagnosed in the final stages and due to heterogeneity of these diseases, the treatments usually are not successful. For this reason, many studies have been conducted to discover predictive biomarkers

Methods: In the present study, 507 genes related to esophageal, gastric and colon cancers were extracted. The network was constructed by Cytoscape software [version 3.4.0]. Then a main component of the network was analyzed considering centrality parameters including degree, betweenness, closeness and stress. Three clusters of the protein network accompanied with their seed nodes were determined by MCODE application in Cytoscape software. Furthermore, Gene Ontology [GO] analysis of the key genes in combination to the seed nodes was performed

Results: The network of 17 common differential expressed genes in three esophageal, gastric and colon adenocarcinomas including 1730 nodes and 9188 edges were constructed. Eight crucial genes were determined. Three Clusters of the network were analyzed by GO analysis

Conclusion: The analyses of common genes of the three cancers showed that there are some common crucial genes including TP53, EGFR, MYC, AKT1, CDKN2A, CCND1 and HSP90AA1 which are tightly related to gastrointestinal cancers and can be predictive biomarkers for these cancers

early efficacy of Heller myotomy in the treatment of Iranian patients with achalasia

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of Heller myotomy for the treatment of achalasia in a referral center in Tehran, and investigate the clinical characteristics, manometric results and treatment responses among three achalasia subtypes in Iranian patients

Background: Esophageal achalasia is an unusual swallowing disorder, characterized by high pressure in the lower esophageal sphincter [LES] on swallowing, failure relaxation of the LES and the absence of peristalsis in esophageal

Patients and methods: In this cross sectional study, clinical symptom and esophageal manometry before and 2 months after treating with Heller myotomy in 20 patients with achalasia who were referred to Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, in 2013 were evaluated. Patients' demographic, clinical features and response to treatment were analyzed using SPSS software [version 20, Chicago, IL, USA]

Results: All the diagnostic criteria measured after the treatment were significantly different [P<0.05] before and after the therapy. The average decline in the length of the esophagus was 1.8 cm and dysphasia score was 7.25 units. Also an average decline in LES Resting Pressure, LES Residual Pressure, PIP, and IRP were 23.2 mmHg, 14.3 mmHg, 3.4 mmHg and 17.8 mmHg, respectively

Conclusion: Results of this study showed that the Heller myotomy is highly effective in relieving dysphasia in patients with achalasia. Also, type II achalasia is the most common subtype of achalasia with a better response to Heller myotomy compared to the other types

Naloxone inhibits human serum albumin Glycation

Advanced glycation end-products [AGEs] are formed by non-enzymatic reaction between reducing sugar and protein. AGEs play important roles in pathogenesis of diabetic, aging complications, endothelial dysfunction and neurological diseases such as the Alzheimer's disease. Therefore compounds that prevent the glycation reaction are purported to have therapeutic effect on patients with diabetes and age-related complication. In this study, the Human serum albumin at concentration of 10 mg/ml was incubated in PBS with 40 mM Glucose, and in different concentrations of Naloxone [25,100,250micro M] for 42 days at 37[degree sign]. HSA with no additives and with Glucose 40mM were incubated as control and as glycated sample, respectively. Following the incubation, the samples were prepared for Circular Dichroism, Fluorescence and absorbance techniques. It was shown different Naloxone concentration can prevent Human serum albumin glycation

Pathway and network analysis in primary open angle glaucoma

Glaucoma, a group of multifactor ocular diseases, is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Primary open angle [POA] is the most common type of glaucoma, characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration. Numerous genes and proteins have been revealed to be associated with POAG, but the pathologic mechanisms of the disease are still poorly understood. Proteomics, the collective study of proteins in an organism at a given condition, has extensively been used for the high-throughput identification of proteins related to POAG. A significant obstacle in proteomics studies is the data variability which makes it hard to interpret the results. Pathway analysis and network topological information can help address the challenge and provide a greater appreciation of the disease mechanism and progression. The purpose of this paper is to determine POAG biological and network information to further understand the mechanisms associated with POAG. PANTHER classification system was used, including classification with gene ontology, protein class and pathway. 474 gene/protein IDs were extracted from previous proteomic studies. Among pathways found by PANTHER classification, apoptosis signaling pathway was the most significant pathway [with the p-value of 5.54E-12]. Other PANTHER categories results demonstrated that developmental processes, receptor binding, extracellular region and extracellular matrix proteins were the most significant biological process, molecular function, cellular component and protein class respectively. Pathway analysis aids to find probable mechanisms involved in POAG. A network analysis on proteins was also performed using STRING database and cytoscape software. From network analysis, candidate biomarkers for the disease were introduced

12 Hz electromagnetic field changes stress-related hormones of rat

Due to the increasing presence of electromagnetic radiation in advanced societies, investigation of the effects of this radiation on humans has attracted the interest of many researchers. The non- ionizing radiation can induce numerous effects through biomolecules in the tissue and cells. In the current study, effects of 12 Hz electromagnetic waves investigated on neuronal hormone levels in rat animal model in 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after exposure. The levels of Adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH], Adrenaline, melanocortin-2 receptor [MC2R], corticostrone, alpha 1-receptor and D-Glucose were evaluated by ELISA methods. Exposure with 12 Hz electromagnetic waves did not alter in glucose and MC2R levels in rats compared with control groups. Plasma ACTH and adrenaline concentrations as two important stress-related hormones increased significantly 1 and 3 days after irradiation respectively. Also corticostrone and alpha a1-receptor decreased significantly at some days during the period of study in irradiated rats. Our data demonstrated that faced with 12 Hz electromagnetic wave could be considered as a stress inducer and also time of exposure have critical role in stress induce