Incorporated dexamethasone influence in the PEO nanofibers on the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells

Tissue engineering based on the adipose derived stem cells promote a strong strategy to propagation of bone, cartilage and fat tissues in the three-dimensional scaffolds, fabricated by combining biological materials with suitable and appropriate growth factors. In this study, a PEO scaffold was used to show that mesenchymal stem cells can attach well; the aim of this study was the investigation of dexamethasone [Dex] effect on the proliferation of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells [AT-MSCs]

At first, the Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from adipose tissue. After culturing the cells and having a good density of the population, the cells were transferred to the scaffold. MTT, DAPI and SEM assays were used for evaluation of biocompatibility of PEO scaffolds, cell survival and also cell alignment of cells cultured on the PEO scaffold in comparison with the PEO-Dex

According to the MTT results, MSCs cell viability on PEO-Dex scaffold showed the significant increase compared with PEO scaffold. SEM result also showed that mesenchymal stem cells were more proliferate and grown on the PEO-Dex scaffolds and were more confluent in comparison with PEO scaffold. Evaluation of DAPI staining indicated significantly significant cell nucleus increase in PEO-Dex compared with PEO group. The results manifested that PEO-Dex could be a suitable scaffold for growing mesenchymal stem cells and is a promising candidate for tissue engineering application?

Increasing biocompatibility of scaffold made of Polyethersulfone [PES] through combining with polyaniline [PANI]

Today's tissue engineering is an important and interesting method of treatment in bone lesions; hence, tissue engineering specialists and orthopedic surgeons are forced to serve as a safe alternative to current methods. The introduction of a scaffold that has the best efficiency is a major challenge to scientists and researchers in this field

The aim of this study is to investigate the polyaniline [PANI] influence on biocompatibility of Polyethersulfone [PES] nanofibrous scaffold. Fabricated scaffold was structurally characterized using SEM microscope and tensile assay. To investigate biocompatibility of nanofibers by MTT assay and DAPI staining, human mesenchymal stem cells were seeded on the surface of PES, PES-PANI and tissue culture polystyrene [TCPS] as control. SEM images demonstrated that the scaffolds were flat and the average diameters of the nanofibers were 286 +/- 588. Moreover, the results of MTT assay and DAPI staining revealed that the highest proliferation rate of cells was observed in PES-PANI scaffold compared to the PES and TCPS as control. It can be concluded that PANI improves the three-dimensional structure of PES nanofibers and increases the biocompatibility of PES through support proliferation and penetration of MSCs in the PES nanofibers and can also be a good candidate for introduction and use in the bone tissue engineering application?

comparative study of osteogenic differentiation human induced pluripotent stem cells and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells

Human induced pluripotent stem cells [iPSCs] have been shown to have promising capacity for stem cell therapy and tissue engineering applications. Therefore, it is essential to compare the ability of these cells with the commonly used mesenchymal stem cells [MSC] for bone tissue engineering in vitro. In this experimental study, the biological behavior and osteogenic capacity of the iPSCs were compared with MSCs isolated from human adipose tissue [AT-MSCs] using 3-[4,5-di-methylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide [MTT] assay, Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase [ALP] activity measurements, calcium content assay and common osteogenic-related genes. Data were reported as the mean +/- SD. One-way analysis of variance [ANOVA] was used to compare the results. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. There was a significant difference between the rate of proliferation of the two types of stem cells; iPSCs showed increased proliferation compared to AT-MSCs. During osteogenic differentiation, ALP activity and mineralization were demonstrated to be significantly higher in iPSCs. Although AT-MSCs expressed higher levels of Runx2, iPSCs expressed higher levels of osteonection and osteocalcin during differentiation. iPSCs showed a higher capacity for osteogenic differentiation and hold promising potential for bone tissue engineering and cell therapy applications

Biological behavior study of gelatin coated PCL nanofiberous electrospun scaffolds using fibroblasts

Scaffold design has pivotal role in tissue engineering. In the present study, We modified the surface of electrospun poly[caprolactone] [PCL] nanofibers to improve their compatibility with living medium and to show the potential application of PCL nanofibers as a artificial extracellular matrix using in tissue-engineering. PCL nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning method. To graft gelatin on the nanofiber surface, PCL scaffolds were first treated with air plasma to introduce carboxyl groups on the surface, followed by covalent grafting of gelatin molecules. The hydrophilicity of the electrospun PCL nanofibers was significantly increased by the gas plasma treatment, as confirmed by contact angle measurements. ATR-FTIR analysis demonstrated that the chemical composition of the PCL nanofiber surface was influenced by the gelatin coating, resulting in an increase in the number of amine groups. Our results show that the modified PCL nanofibers are suitable physical properties as polymeric artificial scaffold in tissue engineering application

12 Hz electromagnetic field changes stress-related hormones of rat

Due to the increasing presence of electromagnetic radiation in advanced societies, investigation of the effects of this radiation on humans has attracted the interest of many researchers. The non- ionizing radiation can induce numerous effects through biomolecules in the tissue and cells. In the current study, effects of 12 Hz electromagnetic waves investigated on neuronal hormone levels in rat animal model in 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after exposure. The levels of Adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH], Adrenaline, melanocortin-2 receptor [MC2R], corticostrone, alpha 1-receptor and D-Glucose were evaluated by ELISA methods. Exposure with 12 Hz electromagnetic waves did not alter in glucose and MC2R levels in rats compared with control groups. Plasma ACTH and adrenaline concentrations as two important stress-related hormones increased significantly 1 and 3 days after irradiation respectively. Also corticostrone and alpha a1-receptor decreased significantly at some days during the period of study in irradiated rats. Our data demonstrated that faced with 12 Hz electromagnetic wave could be considered as a stress inducer and also time of exposure have critical role in stress induce

Antibacterial effects of Scrophularia striata seed aqueous extract on staphilococcus aureus

Plant-based drugs are regarded promising recently. Scrophularia has been shown various biological activities such as antimicrobial, antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties. According to pervious researches, bacteria are becoming resistant to some kinds of antibiotics, so it is prominent to find more reliable sources against them. Here Staphylococcus aureus as a common type of Gram- positive bacteria has been chosen for this in vitro study. After culturing this bacterium, it was treated with various dosages of Scrophularia striata seed aqueous extract and tetracycline, and then its antibacterial effect was assessed by spectrophotometery method based on bacteria population alteration after 24h incubation. In order to investigate probable side effects of the seed extract its effect on human fibroblast cells has been studied. MTT assay was applied for cell survival determination of human fibroblast cells after 24h. Findings indicate that bacterial population has been declined between 1 to 20 micro g mL-1 dosages of the extract, which 5 micro g mL-1 is the most effective dosage without containing any cytotoxic effect on human fibroblast cells. In fact extract not only has no antiproliferation properties but also has evoked cell profileration, so it can be consider as a cell growth factor. Tetracycline, on the contrary, showed its potent impact merely in highest dosages with noticeable side effects. It can be concluded that, Scrophularia striata could be possibly a promising antibiotic which shows significant antibacterial properties, and with lesser side effects