Aneurisma de aorta torácica por úlcera aterosclerótica penetrante: tratamiento endovascular, hibrido o cirugía: revisión / Penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of the thoracic aorta: endovascular treatment, hybrid or surgery: a review

The aortic aneurysm is part of the acute aortic syndromes (AAS). Aortic aneurysms have a weakened tunica media. Acute aneurysm expansion may herald rupture with high morbility and mortality. Five percent of AAS are diagnosed as pentetrating atherosclerotic ulcer which is an ulceration of an atherosclerotic lesion of the aorta that penetrates the internal elastic lamina and allows hematoma formation within the tunica media of the aortic wall. Endovascular treatment is an alternative to surgery and has provided an adequate rate of successful repair. There is another type of treatment which combines surgery and endovascular repair (the hybrid open-endovascular repair) which provides adequate results. The afford mention case is about a patient with a penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer. The hematoma that results from this ulcer extends and self-contains the aneurysm, with a high risk of rupture. We will also describe the aneurysm treatment options.

Miocardiopatía restrictiva del ventrículo derecho: diagnóstico diferencial. Serie de 3 casos / Restrictive cardiomyopathy of the right ventricle: differential diagnosis. Series of three cases

The cardiomyopathies are defined as a primary disease of the myocardium and occur in children as well as in adults. Restrictive cardiomyopathy is the least common type of cardiomyopathy and is characterized by the restriction of ventricular filling. This condition can affect one or both ventricles. The appropriate diagnostic tool includes a detailed clinical record supported by imaging and hemodynamic studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate adult patients with suspicion of restrictive miocardiopathy of the right ventricle, from the out-patients clinic using echocardiogram, magnetic resonance imaging, and hemodynamic studies and to establish a differential diagnosis with other cardiovascular diseases. Between May 2003 to January 2006 three patients with different initial diagnoses, such as Ebstein's anomaly, interatrial septal defect, and tumor of the right ventricle were studied. However, once the protocol of the study was completed, the final diagnosis was of right ventricular restrictive cardiomyopathy by endomyocardial fibrosis.