RESUMEN
Background: the occurrences of diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy have increased quickly in the past few decades and have become an economic burden to the healthcare system in KSA. Diabetic nephropathy is a major complication of diabetes mellitus and is a primary cause of end-stage renal disease [ESRD]. The occurrence of non-diabetic renal disease [NDRD] in diabetic patients has been increasingly recognized in recent years. It is generally believed that it is difficult to reverse diabetic nephropathy, whereas some cases of non-diabetic renal disease are readily treatable and remittable. However, diabetic nephropathy is known to co-exist with non-diabetic renal disease in a poorly defined population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study estimated the pervasiveness of co-existing diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic renal disease in Saudi patients
Methods: data were retrospectively analyzed from 122 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had experienced a renal biopsy between February 2014 and June 2017 at King Abdulaziz Hospital, region[s], KSA. Male patients numbered 75 [61.5%] of the study population. The biopsies were performed as urinary abnormalities or renal functions were atypical of a diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Biopsy samples were examined using light, immunofluorescence [IF] and electron microscopy [EM]. Clinical parameters were recorded for each patient at the time of biopsy
Results: nineteen of 122 diabetic patients [8%] had co-existing diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic renal disease. These patients showed clinical features and pathologic characteristics of diabetic nephropathy, containing a high prevalence of diabetic retinopathy [88.8%], a long duration of diabetes, increased thickness of the glomerular basement membrane [GBM] and mesangial expansion. Nonetheless, they similarly presented with clinical findings which were inconsistent with diabetic nephropathy, such as hematuria, rapidly progressive renal failure and marked proteinuria. Immunoglobulin A [IgA] nephropathy was apparent in 5 out of the 10 patients [50%], tubulointerstitial lesions were found in two patients [20%], membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis [MPGN] in two patients [20%] and membranous nephropathy [MN] in one patients [10%]
Conclusion: retrospective analysis of biopsy data suggests that approximately 8% of Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may have co-existing diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic renal disease. The most common histological diagnosis in our small series was IgA nephropathy
RESUMEN
BackgVound: Low levels of blood serum vitamin D have been connected to various musculoskeletal and non musculoskeletal conditions. Vitamin D lack shows up moderately high among different patient subpopulations, including patients with break non-union. We directed a review study to decide the pervasiveness of vitamin D lack what's more, inadequacy in an expansive populace of patients with orthopedic trauma
Methods: The review incorporated all patients who were over age 18 years, had no hazard components for vitamin D inadequacy and was dealt with for an intense break at a Level 1 injury focus
Results: Between April 2016 and October 2016, 100 injury patients had recorded serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The general commonness of joined vitamin D inadequacy/deficiency was 77%; commonness of vitamin D inadequacy alone was 39%. There were no actually critical [P < .05] age or sex contrasts among the populace. There did not seem, by all accounts, to be a regular distinction. Vitamin D inadequacy and deficiency in intense orthopedic injury, patients showed up extremely normal
Assist examination is expected to completely comprehend the clinical noteworthiness
Conclusion: The Pervasiveness of low serum levels of vitamin D among patients experiencing orthopedic trauma is extremely normal. Given the significance of vitamin D in musculoskeletal wellbeing, such low levels may adversely affect tolerant results