Role of hypolipidemic doses of nicotinic acid on glucose tolerance and severity of diabetes in male rats

The present work was devoted to study the effect of varying doses of nicotinic acid on glucose tolerance, and its role in modulating the severity of STZ- diabetes in male rats. Three oral nicotinic acid doses of, 31 5, 63.5 and 126.0 mg/kg b. w. respectively, comparable to half, equal and two folds rodent equivalent of 600 mg [daily human hypolipidemnic dose], were administered to three equal sized groups of male albino rats, prior to oral glucose load of 1.0 g/kg b.w. Serial post loading glucose determinations, revealed marked increases in glucose tolerance, in parallel with the rise in nicotinic acid dosage, as verified by lower magnitudes of post-loading hyperglycaema, compaired to parallel non-medicated Controls. Moreover, the results of serum glucose 'FSG estimates in groups of STZ- diabetic rats, receiving daily repeated oral nicotinic acid medication in doses of 63.0 and 126.0 mg/kg. b.w. respectively, yielded evidence of very highly significant magnitudes of antagonistic attenuation of STZ- hyperglycaemia, coupled with marked increase in serum insulin activity, progressively accentuated with longer duration of medication

Biochemical study of hepato-renal toxicity of amikacin and netilmicin in rats

The effect of short term parenteral medication of two types of aminoglycosides; namely, amikacin and netilmicin, on adult male albino rats maintained over 3 weeks in doses equivalent to human therapeutic dosage, were studied. Metabolic derangements, evoked by these drugs therapy, were reflected by significant rise in serum aspartate transaminase [AST-GOT], serum alanine transaminase [ALT- GPT], alkaline phosphatase [ALP] and bilirubin. Also, medication with the aforementioned drugs caused persistent hyperlipidemic effect, accompanied with significant increases in serum phospholipids, triacylglycerol and cholesterol. Except, netilmicin produced reduction in serum cholesterol. However, amikacin produced increase in serum total protein and globulin, but delayed onset of increase till 14 days, yet, netilmicin produced increase in serum globulin and decrease in serum albumin during all the experimental period. Both drugs significantly elevated serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen

Comparative study of hepato-renal toxicity of some cephalosporin in rats

Daily parenteral velosef and cefobid medication for adult male rats, maintained over 21 days in rodent equivalent of human therapeutic dosages caused metabolic derangement reflected by significant rise in serum total cholesterol triacylglycerol, accompanied with delayed onset of increase in serum phospholipids up to 14 days of experiment. Cefobid, showed decrease in serum albumin coupled with predominant increase in globulin during the whole experimental period. Both drugs significantly increased creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, but the onset of increase delayed up to 14 days in case of velosef therapy. Serum aminotransferases [Asp-At and Ala-At] were significantly increased by both medication, but the increase delayed till the 14th day in case of velosef. Medication with cefobid produces initial reduction in alkaline phosphatase [ALP] after 7 days, followed by increase till the end of experiment, in contrast, velosef increases ALP level only after 7 days of treatment. Serum bilirubin level was significantly increased in case of cefobid with peak value after 7 days

Induction of fatty liver by alcohol in male albino rats

Adult male albino rats were given 1.5 mg/g B.W./day ethanol in drinking water for a period of two weeks. Biochemical parameters; namely, total Lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids were investigated in serum of treated and control animals at intervals of 1, 3, 7, and 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, the livers removed and then subjected to histochemical studies. The results obtained showed a gradual significant linear increase in the investigated biochemical parameters reaching its maximum at the end of the experimental period. The free fatty acids and the triglycerides were the most highly significant affected parameters. The fact that alcohol induced fatty liver has been confirmed by the comparative histochemical determinations of neutral lipid content of the liver cells