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Tumor neoantigens generated from somatic mutations can be presented by major histo-compability complex (MHC) molecules and elicit specific immune response against cancer. Therapeutic vac-cines and specific T cells targeting tumor neoantigens will realize the potential of precision immunotherapy in cancer treatment. Along with the development of methods for predicting neoantigens, individualized cancer immunotherapy strategies will be widely adopted. In the present review, we discuss the current state of the prediction approaches and clinical applications of neoantigens, as well as the challenges that remain to be ad-dressed in order to improve immunotherapy targeting neoantigens.
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Objective To investigate the effect of combination therapy of Gabapentin and Cobamamide in treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN).Methods A total of 96 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and PDN were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into control group (Con,n=32),Cobamamide group,(n=32),and Gabapentin+Cobamamide group,(n=32).FPG and HbA1c were actively controlled in each group.Con group was treated with vitamin B1.Clinical and biochemical data of all the subjects were collected.The degree of pain was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS).The changes of median nerve,peroneal nerve motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV),and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) were evaluated by EMG assessment.The assessment of sleep quality was done by Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale (PSQI).Results There was no significant differences of baseline MNCV,SNCV and the degree of pain among the three groups (P>0.05).After treatment,all the above index were improved in both Cobamamide group and Gabapentin+Cobamamide group.MNCV and SNCV were higher in Gabapentin+Cobamamide group than in Cobamamide group (P0.05).Conclusion The combination therapy of Gabapentin and adenosine cobalt amine could reduce pain,improve nerve conduction velocity,and improve the quality of sleep.
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BACKGROUND:Articular cartilage injury is often complicated by subchondral bone damage to form osteochondral defects, and its treatment remains a pressing problem in orthopedics. Osteochondral composite grafts fabricated by tissue engineering technology provide a new way to repair osteochondral defects. OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility of fabricating osteochondral composite grafts in an independently designed double-chamber stirring bioreactor. METHODS: Goat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were seeded into β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds. The cel/scaffold constructs were subjected to chondrogenic and osteogenic induction simultaneously in the double-chamber stirring bioreactor. According to the applied shear stress, they were divided into dynamic and static culture groups. The proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels was detected by MTT test and scanning electron microscope examination. Osteogenesis and chondrogenesis related genes were detected by RT-PCR for the evaluation of chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels in both dynamic and static culturegroups demonstrated satisfactory proliferation and differentiation. Better proliferation and differentiation ability were found in the dynamic culture group. Fabrication of osteochondral composite grafts in the independently.designed double-chamber stirring bioreactor is feasible, which is better under the mechanical stimulus environment than the static environment.
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Objective To discuss the nursing characteristics in patients with heart failure of alcoholic cardiomyopathy during hospitalization.Methods 16 patients with heart failure of alcoholic cardiomyopathy were studied and experience summarizations were made from four different aspects:normal nursing,life sign monitoring,observation and nursing during medication and psychological nursing.Results After abstinence of alcohol,heart failure treatment,nutrition treatment of cardiac muscle,detailed observation and careful nursing,the heart function of the 16 patients were improved,and the symptom disappeared so that those patients were ready to leave the hospital.Conclusion The key for the treatment in heart failure of alcoholic cardiomyopathy is immediate and thorough abstinence of alcohol,and,if heart failure happens,life sign monitoring,medication observation and psychological nursing are also important.
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Objective To explore the effect of oxymatrine o n the airway inflammation and the cytokine production in asthmatic mice. Methods Forty BALB/c mice were divided into four groups in cluding a control group (group A), an asthmatic model group (group B), a dexamet hasone treatment group (group C) and a oxymatrine treatment group (group D). Ast hma mouse models in group B, group C and group D were prepared by injecting oval bumin (OVA) into the abdominal cavity and inhalation of aerosol. Group C were in jected dexamethasone, and group D recceived oxymatrine on day 15 to 22 .The numb er of EOS and the concentration of IL-4 and IL-5 and IFN-? in th e mouse bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) were detected. Results Oxymatrine could significantly reduce the mumber of EOS and the concentration of IL-4 and IL-5, and increase the level of IFN-? in the BALF of asthmatic mice. Significant difference was fo und between group D and group A or B(P0.05). Conclusion Oxymatrine can remarkably reduce the mumber of i nflammation cells in the BALF, and influence the level of cytokines so as to imp rove airway inflammation in the patients with asthma.