RESUMEN
Self-abnormality in patients with depression has been confirmed in a lot of research results.Negative self-referential processing of depression is associated with higher follow-up depressive symptoms and predicts the recurrence of major depressive episodes.Both self-processing and self-recognition are impaired in depression.The overgeneral autobiographical memory is also a risk factor for onset and maintenance of depression.This review examined self-abnormalities of depression from self-face recognition,self-referential processing and autobiographical memory and summarized the problems of current researches and the future research trends,and may provide insight to explore the self-abnormalities of depression patients comprehensively.
RESUMEN
This paper introduces the concept,the research paradigms and the related theory of the attentional blink,and reviews the relevant researches about the attentional blink of the children and adults with ADHD in the last 10 years.Compared to normal subjects,children and adults with ADHD did show more severe AB effect,and adults with ADHD showed more eye movement behavior.In future studies,standardized RSVP paradigm should be set up to provide convenience for the comparison of results of studies,and find out what kind of processing restrictions will affect the characteristics of different age ADHD groups in the time dimension of attention.In addition,ADHD and inhibitory control related closely,consideration should be given to the combination of inhibitory control paradigm and AB paradigm.
RESUMEN
In this paper,we analyzed the role of the surviving caregiver on bereaved children's mental development.In bereaved family,living with mother,appropriate expression of grief,good psychological health level and positive parent-child interaction could promote the healthy development of bereaved children.Otherwise,bereaved children would suffer the secondary damage which stemmed from surviving caregiver's inappropriate reaction.Therefore,further research could explore the effect of bereavement type and the personality of surviving caregiver on the relation between surviving caregiver and bereaved children's mental development.
RESUMEN
This article reviews the moral judgment ability of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD),as well as the relationship with theory of mind (TOM).The study found that patients with ASD could undertake basic moral judgment,but could not provide the corresponding judgment reason,and were easy to make utilitarianism judgment.In addition,individual's moral judgment ability was positively correlated with TOM,while there were defects in TOM among the patients with ASD,which could lead to the skew results of moral judgment.
RESUMEN
Cognitive flexibility is a kind of ability to convert mental representation,including reactive flexibility and spontaneous flexibility,and as the vital components of executive function.The experience of the childhood maltreatment may damage both reactive flexibility and spontaneous flexibility and result in cognitive flexibility dysfunction.Prefrontal cortex is the main brain regions of cognitive flexibility,childhood maltreatment experience through injuring the growth of frontal lobe leading to the cognitive flexibility dysfunction.Future research could combine the method of behavioral test and brain damage measurement,to carry on minute research on the two components of cognitive flexibility and brain mechanisms at the same time.
RESUMEN
Objective:To explore the mediating effect of belief in a just world and self-esteem on relationship between childhood abuse and subjective well-being in college students.Methods:Totally 929 college students[314 males and 615 females,aged 17 to 25 year,mean age (20 ± 3) year] from 4 universities of Harbin were assessed.The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) was used to assess childhood abuse,the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Affect Balance Scale (ABS) was used to assess subjective well-being,the Believe in a Just World Scale (BJW) was used to assess belief in a just word,and the Self-Esteem Scale (SES) was used to assess self-esteem.The Bootstrap was used to test the mediating effect of belief in a just world and self-esteem on relationship between childhood abuse and subjective well-being.Results:General belief in a just world,personal belief in a just world,self-esteem played an independent mediating effect respectively between childhood abuse and life satisfaction.The confidence interval from Bootstrap output were 95％ (-0.026--0.001),95％ (-0.141--0.058) and 95％ (-0.235--0.122).Personal belief in a just world and general belief in a just world played chain mediating effect between childhood abuse and life satisfaction (-0.059--0.004).Self-esteem played an independent mediating effect between childhood abuse and emotional balance (-0.308--0.181).Personal belief in a just world and general belief in a just world played chain mediating effect between childhood abuse and emotional balance (-0.046--0.001).Conclusion:Childhood abuse and subjective well-being of individuals,belief in a just world and self-esteem are related.Belief in a just world and self-esteem play mediating effect between childhood abuse and subjective well-being.
RESUMEN
Objective:To examine the relationship between regulatory emotional self-efficacy and childhood abuse,and the mediating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy between childhood abuse and depression in col-lege students.Methods:Totally 475 college students from 4 universities in Harbin were assessed with the Chinese version of the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (RES),Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ),and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).The survey of CTQ was manipula-ted retrospectively.Results:Physical neglect and physical abuse had significant direct negative effects on perceived self-efficacy in expressing positive affect (POS)(β=-0.38,-0.52).Emotional neglect and sexual abuse had significant direct negative effects on perceived self-efficacy in managing despondency/distress (DES)(β=-0.35,-0.31).Physical neglect had a significant direct negative effect on perceived self-efficacy in managing anger/irri-tation (ANG)(β=-0.23).Physical neglect and physical abuse had significant direct positive effects on depres-sion (β=0.78,3.20).The POS mediated relationships between emotional neglect and depression,physical neglectand depression,and sexual abuse and depression (with intermediary effects of 0.021 -0.029).The DES imposed mediating effects on relationships between emotional neglect and depression,physical neglect and depression,physi-cal abuse and depression,and sexual abuse and depression (with intermediary effect of 0.017 -0.040).The ANG was a mediator in the relationships between emotional neglect and depression,and physical neglect and depression (with intermediary effects of 0.016 -0.019).Conclusion:It suggests that childhood abuse may be an important factor related to low regulatory emotional self-efficacy.Regulatory emotional self-efficacy may play a mediating role between childhood abuse and depression.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the features of the auditory mismatch response (MMR) elicited from the preschoolers and adults. Methods 9 preschoolers aged 3-6 and 8 adults were elicited and measured MMR to speech sounds (/bal/,/pal/) using the Oddball paradigm. Results The response was typical mismatch negativity in adults, and was slow positive waves with larger amplitude in the preschoolers. MNOVA results showed that there were significantly differences between the 2 groups, said the latency of MMRs was significantly longer and the amplitude was larger in the preschoolers than in the adults (P<0.05). Conclusion Stable MMRs with distinct characters in preschool-ers and adults have been obtained respectively.
RESUMEN
Objective:To explore the relationship among child neglect,resilience and loneliness.Methods:Child Neglect Scale,Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents,and UCLA Loneliness Scale were used to investigate 225 junior middle school students.Results:① Regression analysis showed that Child neglect degree positively predicted their loneliness (?=0.614,P
RESUMEN
Objective: To explore intelligence and the relation between intelligence and learning achievement of the students with learning disability (LD) in junior high school Methods: The students with LD in junior high school were classified as three groups: mathematic LD group, Chinese LD group and multiple LD group WISC-CR was applied to the three groups and control group The results tested by WISC-CR and their learning achievement were analyzed by multiple stepwise regression analysis Results: The IQ of students with LD was in normal range in general, but the IQ differences between LD groups and control groups was significant Nine subtests scores of mathematic LD group were lower than that of the control group The primary problem of Chinese LD group was that all the verbal subtests scores were lower than that of the control group The imbalance between VIQ and PIQ of multiple LD group was obvious The factors affected language achievement were verbal IQ and the subtest sores of arithmetic, comprehension and vocabulary as well The factors affected mathematic achievement were verbal IQ, performance IQ and the subtest sores of arithmetic, information and block design as well Conclusion: The structures of intelligence were different in the students with different types of LD in junior high school Different intelligence factors affected the achievement of language and that of mathematics of the students with LD in junior high school
RESUMEN
Objective: To explore psychomotor ability of children wit h behavior problems Method: 133 children with behavior problems were screened out from a sample of 1225 pupils by tests with CBCL and CRT-C2 T he control group was selected from the other pupils matched by age and sex, the rate of case/control was 1:2 Jinyi Psychomotor test Battery (JPB) was applied to both groups Result: There were 93 valid pairs in all The study group was more impaired in selecting reaction time, digit symbol, trail ma king and JPB total score They had also larger standard deviation of selecting reaction time and higher rate of JPB abnormality than control Trail making was a protective factor for internalizing and externalizing problems Standard dev iation of selecting reaction time was a risk factor of externalizing problems Selecting reaction time, cancellation digit, digit symbol and JPB total score we re protective factors of mixed problems and JPB abnormality was the risk factor The rate of JPB abnormality of mixed problem group was significantly higher t han that of single problem groups There was significant negative correlation b etween CBCL total score and,digit symbol trail making T score and JPB total T sc ore Conclusion: Children with behavior problems perform poor i n psychomotor test, which suggests they have brain dysfunction, especially those with mixed problems
RESUMEN
Objective:To explore auditory event-related P300 in children with behavior problems. Methods: 40 children with behavior problems were screened out from a ample of pupils by CBCL and CRT-C 2. The control group was selected from the others matched by age and gender, the rate of case/control was 1:2. The study and control group were assessed by auditory event-related P300 elicited by pure tone stimuli using the oddball paradigm.Results:(1) There was no significant difference in P300 between study and control groups; (2) The P300 latency of mixed problem group were significantly longer than those of controls. (3) The P300 amplitude were significantly negatively correlated with the CBCL score.Conclusion:It is suggested cognitive function deficit of severe behavior problem children.
RESUMEN
Objective:To compare intelligence of children with behavior problems with that of normal children Method:We did a screening with CBCL and CRT-C2 in 1225 school aged children to find out children with behavior problems A control group was matched by gender and age and collected according to the rate of 1:2 WISC-CR was applied to both groups Result:The IQ of children with behavior problems was in normal range and close to our controls The imbalance between VIQ and PIQ was the risk factor, while Coding was the protective factor of behavior problems Further analysis showed the imbalance between VIQ and PIQ was risk factor of internalizing problems, CRT-C2 IQ was protective factor of externalizing problems, Coding was protective factor of mixed problems Conclusion:The intelligence of children with behavior problems is in normal range but with imbalance between VIQ and PIQ