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Objective To study the relationship between a CAG repeat polymorphism of the androgen receptor (AR) gene and postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO). Methods Genotypes for the AR polymorphisrn were determined by gene scan and DNA sequence methods in a case-control study,including 78 cases of PMO at femoral neck and 73 cases as controls, and 108 cases of PMO at lumbar spine (L2-4) and 60 cases as controls. Bone mineral density for the proximal femur and L2-4 was measured by NORLAND XR-46 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The relationship between the CAG repeat polymorphism and PMO was investigated. Results Eleven different allelic variants,containing 18, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30 CAG repeats were detected, 16 genotypes were present in the subjects. There were no significant differences in the genotype and allele distributions of (CAG) n polymorphism between PMO group (SS : 25.6 %, SL : 39.7%, LL : 34.6 % ;S:45.5%,L:54.5%) and control group (SS: 23.3%,SL=45.2% ,LL:31.5%;S:45.9%,L:54.1%) at the femoral neck site (all P＞0.05). The risk of PMO at femoral neck in females with the genotypes of SL (0R:0.798,95%CI:0.335～1.797), the LL (0R:0.998,95%CI:0.425～2.341), and the combined SL and LL (OR:0.880, 95% CI: 0.419～1.852) were not significantly increased in comparison with those of females with the SS genotype (all P＞0.05). There were no significant differences in the genotype and allele distributions of (CAG)n polymorphism between PMO group(SS: 18.5%, SL: 49.1%, LL: 32.4%;S:43.1%, L: 56.9%) and control group (SS: 21.7%, SL:45.0% ,LL:33.3% ;S:44.2% ,L:55.8%) at the L2-4 site (P＞0. 05). The risk of PMO at L2-4 in females with the genotypes of SL (OR:1. 276,95%CI:0. 552～2. 950), the LL (OR:1. 137,95%CI:0.468～2.766), and the combined SL and LL (OR: 1. 217,95% CI: 0. 556 ～2. 663 ) were not significantly increased in comparison with those of females with the SS genotype (all P＞0.05). After adjustments for age, postmenopausal period, menopausal age, and body mass index, the logistic regression analyses revealed the (CAG)n polymorphism was not significantly associated with PMO at the femoral neck and L2-4 site (all P＞0.05). Conclusions The CAG repeat polymorphism in the AR gene may not be associated with PMO at the femoral neck and L2-4 site.
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20. Case group SS genotype rate was 66%,control group 51%,OR=1.865(95%CI:1.055～3.298).The SS and LL allele genotypes frequency was compared in two groups and the difference was significant(?2=4.634,P=0.031). Conclusion:ER? gene CA repeat polymorphism is related to unknown aetiological hypomenorrhea. SS allele genotype may be the risk factor of unknown aetiological hypomenorrhea.
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In order to perfect teaching method,strengthen the teaching effect,we apply the multimedia teaching mold.We will give some positive suggestions for the optimization of the field and track teaching process for improving teaching quality.The multi-media aided-teaching should be better utilized for the requirements of teaching and learning to improve the teaching quantity.
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0.05).The mean follow-up of the two groups was(11.0?3.2) months and(12.0?2.8) months respectively;no evidence of recurrence was detected during the period. Conclusion Laparoscopy is minimally invasive,safe and effective for uterine malignancy.
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Objective To study the relationship between the polymorphism of estrogen receptor ? gene (ER?)and unknown aetiological hypomenorrhea in the women from Southwestern China. Methods Totally 100 hypomenorrhea and 100 eumenorrhea women from Southwestern China served respectively as case group and control group. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was used to analyze the first intron incision enzyme PvuⅡ and XbaⅠin ER? gene. Short tandem repeat (STR) in hypervariable region of the gene was depurated, cloned and sequenced. The distribution of the gene genotype was studied in case group and control group. Results P genotypic frequency was 47.5% in case group, and 30.5% in control group (OR 1.810, 95%CI 1.113-2.765,P=0.012). While X genotypic frequency was 20.5% in case group and 32.0% in control group (OR 0.641, 95%CI 0.361-0.898, P=0.036). PvuⅡ and XbaⅠ restriction fragments were distributed in polymorphism in the 2 groups. The TA13 allele frequency was higher in case group than in control group (P