RESUMEN
Psychological and psychiatric disorders have a high frequency in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, their relationship with MS is complex and the extent to which they might be reactive to countless psychosocial factors, or symptoms resultant of the pathological process itself remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare psychological symptoms in a group of MS patients and compared to healthy controls. The study subjects were MS patients admitted to the Farshchian hospital in Hamadan, Iran. The diagnosis was based on McDonald (2011) criteria. There were 120 patient), aged 34.5 ± 10.8 (mean ± SD) years. It was a cross sectional study. The psychological symptoms were assessed using Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). It was found that the MS patients exhibited significantly more psychological symptoms than the healthy controls. The SCL-90 scores of MS patients were significantly higher for somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, depression and anxiety. The high rate of psychological symptoms in adult MS supports the need for routine psychological screening.
RESUMEN
There are models of the development of personality disorders which include individual differences in attachment relationships as causal factors contributed in explanation of these phenomena. The dimensional view of personality disorders represents these conditions as extreme variants of normal personality continua. This study investigated main and interactional effects of attachment styles and personality traits in relation to borderline characteristics. The current study was conducted in expo fact context. Randomly selected 603 participants [134 male and 469 female] from Tabriz Payam-e-Noor, Tarbait Moallem of Azarbaijan and Sarab Payam-e-Noor university students took part in this research. Participants answered to Borderline Personality Inventory [BPI], Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised, Short form [EPQ-RS] and Adult Attachment Inventory [AAI]. Data were analyzed using two way analysis of variance method. Results indicate main effects of attachment styles and personality traits, so, individual with ambivalent insecure attachment experience more intensity of borderline traits than individual with avoidant insecure and secure attachments. Individual with high psychoticim and neuroticism traits experience more intensity of borderline characteristics than individual with extraversion personality traits. Also, there are no interactional effects of attachment styles and personality traits in relation to borderline characteristics. These findings reiterate contribution of childhood risk factors in developing borderline personality disorder, especially in children with emotionally vulnerability.
RESUMEN
Recent interest has focused on the relationship between schizotypy and OCD. The present study explored the possibility that Schizotypal and obsessive compulsive features are significantly related together among non-clinical samples. In this correlational study, 262 individuals were randomly selected and examined. Participants completed the Schizotypal Trait questionnaire A form [STA] and Padua Inventory [PI]. Positive correlations were found between Schizotypal personality and obsessive compulsive features. Using the multivariate regression analysis model, results indicated that two components of Schizotypal personality, namely unusual perceptual experiences and paranoid suspiciousness/ social anxiety factors, have the strongest associations with obsessive compulsive scores. Also, among the four obsessive compulsive factors, lack of control over mental processes and contamination, significantly predicted schizotypal personality. Some common factors seem to be present between obsessive and schizotypal factors. Results were discussed in light of previous clinical research and based on anxiety-psychosis spectrum hypothesis
RESUMEN
Vestibular neuritis is the second most frequent cause of peripheral vertigo. Adding corticosteroids to symptomatic treatment regimen is effective in shortening the symptomatic period of vestibular neuritis but there are controversies on administration of corticosteroids for this condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the corticosteroids effect on vestibular neuritis symptom relief. In this double blind placebo controlled clinical trial on 40 patients with vestibular neuritis who presented at Hamedan Sina Hospital neurology ward, all subjects signed an informed consent. The participitants were randomly assigned to intervention [n=20] and control group [n=20]. The intervention group received dimenhydrinate 50mg bid as well as dexamethasone 6mg tid for three days. Controls received deminhidrinate 50 mg bid plus placebo for three days. At 24, 48, and 72 hour the result of Caloric test and patients symptom were recorded. The mean duration of symptom relief had significant difference in two groups. At 24 hour of initiation of therapy vertigo, nystagmus and nausea were relived in 5, 16, 17 of intervention group and in 1, 5, 2 of control group, respectively [P<0.001]. Corticosteroids are effective in shortening the symptomatic period of vestibular neuritis