Vital signs role and significance in detecting early cardiac events

Cardiovascular diseases continue to be a contributor to mortality highlighting the significance of intervention. Nurses are often the first healthcare professionals to assess patients and their ability to identify symptoms and deviations in signs is essential for early detection of cardiac distress. Many individuals encounter symptoms such as discomfort in the chest, trouble with breathing, irregularities, heartbeat and increased fatigue. These symptoms can be signs of events. Nurses’ attentiveness in monitoring these symptoms and vital signs enables response and lifesaving interventions. Furthermore, advancements in healthcare technology like automated monitoring systems and telehealth platforms enhance nurse’s ability to detect events by allowing real time data collection and remote monitoring. This review explores the role that nurses play in detecting events early on with a specific focus, on monitoring vital signs like blood pressure and heart rate. The comprehensive management of events encompasses accurate diagnosis, evidence-based treatment, patient education and modification of risk factors. The expertise and constant vigilance of nurses significantly contribute to improving care and enhancing patient outcomes. As healthcare technology continues to advance nurses role in detecting events becomes even more crucial solidifying their indispensable position, in promoting heart health.

Reproductive health awareness among female university students at Saudi Arabia

Background: Reproductive health is a major part of a woman’s life to ensure a healthy life for both mothers and their babies. However, most women do not have the proper knowledge and awareness of that subject. Objectives were to assess the awareness of reproductive health among Saudi female university students and to determine the factors associated with the level of awareness. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted among 347 participants, using multi-stage stratified sampling. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge level of the five-major component of reproductive health. Results: The results revealed an average level of knowledge about reproductive health (49.4%) among the college students. There was a significant association between having children, mother’s working status, and father educational level, family income and participant reproductive health knowledge (p=0.02, 0.005 and 0.02) respectively. Although 77.1% of the participants had good knowledge of menstrual health and hygiene, they showed misconceptions. The knowledge about family planning, prenatal and antenatal were high 66.6% and 53.9%. The level of knowledge on sexually transmitted diseases was 58% high among students and only 40% have heard of HIV/AIDS but other diseases were less recognized. Conclusions: The knowledge of reproductive health is considered poor. Father’s education level and family income were associated with the level of a student’s knowledge. Educational session about RH is needed among students with focus on menstrual health and hygiene, antenatal care, family planning, breastfeeding, and sexually transmitted diseases.

Types of physical activities and exercise interventions in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), also known as pulmonary disease, is a long-term lung disease condition characterized by inflammation that leads to restricted airflow from the lungs. People with COPD may experience symptoms like coughing, mucus production, wheezing, feeling tightness in the chest, being tired or losing weight unintentionally, and experiencing swelling. COPD can also lead to episodes of worsened symptoms called exacerbations that require attention. The severity of COPD is categorized into four stages ranging from mild to severe based on how it limits airflow in the lungs. COPD management requires a comprehensive and personalized approach that considers various factors that influence the condition. In this review, we searched the existing body of research regarding how exercise interventions can help manage COPD. These interventions include rehabilitation, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and inspiratory muscle training. The goal of these interventions is to enhance exercise capacity, alleviate breathlessness, improve fitness, boost muscle strength, and enhance functionality and quality of life for individuals living with COPD. The paper also discusses the pharmacological therapy and dietary support that are essential for COPD management. The review states that COPD is an advancing illness that necessitates detection and efficient intervention methods, in order to reduce its advancement and enhance its results. The paper emphasizes the significance of integrating exercise interventions into COPD treatment as a means to encourage activity and overall wellness among patients with COPD.

Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint

When cartilage-like tissue is present in the synovial membrane of joints, it is known as synovial chondromatosis (SC). The main cause is believed to be the metaplasia of embryonal mesenchymal tissue in the synovial membrane. The metaplastic foci grow within the joint space and can detach from the synovial wall, forming free-floating bodies. While SC is more commonly associated with trauma in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the exact relationship between trauma and SC remains unclear. Improved diagnostic techniques, such as CT and MRI, have led to increased recognition of SC in the TMJ. Gender differences in the prevalence of TMJ SC have been observed, with women being more affected. Diagnosis involves imaging techniques like X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and surgical removal of loose bodies is the preferred treatment. Arthroscopy is recommended for small, isolated loose bodies, while open surgery may be necessary for complete removal. Long-term follow-up is essential to monitor for recurrence. Histopathological findings reveal a mixture of cartilage and bone, with ossification and calcification present.

Myositis as the first presentation of acute brucellosis - A case report

The clinical scenario of a young male is presented in this report who presented with severe pain and swelling of both lower limbs of 3-day duration. On evaluation, he proved to have myositis and further evaluation unraveled Brucellosis. The index case improved with conventional Brucella melitensis treatment confirming the cause and effect relationship. The Brucella infection is a male predominant disease and frequently presents with typical symptoms of fever, fatigue, etc., and the diagnosis often is straightforward. Nevertheless, neurobrucellosis is uncommon, developing in <5% of patients with Brucella infection and producing diverse neurological syndrome. There are very few reports of Myositis caused by Brucella described in the literature. The heaviest disease burden of B. melitensis lies in countries of the Mediterranean basin and Arabian Peninsula. However, the disease is not uncommon in India, Mexico, and Central America. Hence, clinicians need to be aware of this clinical entity all over the globe. Myositis as the first presentation of acute brucellosis is presented in this report.

Spirocheatal shock syndrome.

In this paper we describe a clinical scenario of high grade fever, jaundice, hypotension and multi‑organ dysfunction syndrome in a 30‑year‑old homeless male without radiological biliary obstruction. He was brought to our hospital by the emergency medical service of Saudi Arabia (Red Crescent) from the street. After an initial resuscitation he proved to have Borrelia recurrentis. The clinical course during his hospital stay was not a smooth one, but the patient finally improved. After 20 days of hospitalisation, he was discharged in a stable condition. The present case underlines the need for high clinical vigilance, even in a non‑endemic area.