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Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency in adults as well as children.Due to the peculiar anatomy of the appendix in children and the unique characteristics of this age group, acuteappendicitis frequently presents atypically, more frequently misdiagnosed, and thus should be differentlyapproached. Objective: Our aim was discussing the unique features of the appendix and acute appendicitis inchildren, and how it’s approached and managed. Methods: We searched Pubmed for acute appendicitis, children,anatomy, manifestation, diagnosis, and management. Conclusion: Acute appendicitis in the pediatric age grouphas several peculiarities when compared to adults. It frequently presents atypically, and therefore more commonlymisdiagnosed. An algorithmic approach that integrates a clinical scoring system, such as the PediatricAppendicitis Score and diagnostic studies should be followed. Moreover, when surgery is decided, thelaparoscopic approach is the standard of treatment and should be always used unless contraindicated. In brief,acute appendicitis in children is not just a smaller appendix inflamed.
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Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the patterns of maxillofacial fractures associated with assaults among male patients in Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
Methods: This study was a retrospective study conducted in Armed Forces Hospital Southern region[AFHSR] in Khamis Mushait City. The patients' records were investigated and full-detailed records were included. Demographic data as well as type, location and cause of the maxillofacial fractures were obtained
Results: A total of 215 patients' records were recruited for this study. Patients with age from 15 to 25 years were more than other age groups. Most of the patients were not Saudi citizens. About 68% of patients completed their primary school or were illiterates. Nearly half of the fractures [49%] were found in the dentoalveolar site. Mandible was more affected than maxilla. Left side was more affected than right side. Blunted injuries were more frequent among patients than penetrated injuries. Patients with age
Conclusion: Assault and violence can result in considerable maxillofacial traumas. Dentoalveolar fractures were the most common fractures. Young patients were more affected than elders. This problem should be taken as a general health problem and the actions should be taken to prevent further problems
RESUMEN
Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the patterns of maxillofacial fractures associated with assaults among male patients in Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
Methods: This study was a retrospective study conducted in Armed Forces Hospital Southern region[AFHSR] in Khamis Mushait City. The patients' records were investigated and full-detailed records were included. Demographic data as well as type, location and cause of the maxillofacial fractures were obtained
Results: A total of 215 patients' records were recruited for this study. Patients with age from 15 to 25 years were more than other age groups. Most of the patients were not Saudi citizens. About 68% of patients completed their primary school or were illiterates. Nearly half of the fractures [49%] were found in the dentoalveolar site. Mandible was more affected than maxilla. Left side was more affected than right side. Blunted injuries were more frequent among patients than penetrated injuries. Patients with age
Conclusion: Assault and violence can result in considerable maxillofacial traumas. Dentoalveolar fractures were the most common fractures. Young patients were more affected than elders. This problem should be taken as a general health problem and the actions should be taken to prevent further problems
RESUMEN
Background: Autoimmune hepatitis [AIH] is considered rare, and it is even rarer in the pediatric population. AIH in the pediatric population is categorized into type 1 and 2, which are differentiated by their autoantibody profiles
Case report: 5 years old Saudi boy presented with history of jaundice, fever and dark urine for 5 days with previous similar history at the age of 3 years. Examination revealed that he was conscious, looks pale and jaundiced but not in respiratory distress and well hydrated. Abdominal examination showed hepatosplenomegaly. Anti-nuclear antibodies [ANA], antismooth muscle antibodies and anti-neutrophilantibodies were positive whereas anti platelet antibodies and anti-mitochondrial antibodies were negative. Hepatitis serology was negative. Magnetic resonant cholangiopancreatogram [MRCP] showed diffuse periportal edema, likely related to liver cirrhosis. Liver biopsy was suggesting end stage biliary cirrhosis. Diagnosis was end stage cirrhosis with biliary features secondary to autoimmune process. The patient was treated with prednisolone, ursodeoxycholic acid, Vitamin K, omeprazol and iron. He was discharged and listed on the liver transplant clinic
Conclusion: This case report highlights and alerts physicians that AIH should always be considered in paediatric patients presenting with chronic liver disease
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Objective: Drug poisoning is a globally common cause of emergency-room admissions. This study explores drug-poisoning prevalence patterns, associated risk factors [gender, age and exposure circumstances], and outcomes in western Saudi Arabia
Methods: Retrospective analysis of Clinical drug poisoning cases [2011-2016]. The data were retrieved from the Saudi Ministry of Health's record and Patients' medical charts were analyzed
Results: The Ministry of Health received 1,474 reports of drug poisoning during 2011-2016.More than half involved females [n=885, 60%] or young children [0-4 years old] [n=764, 51.8%] and occurred accidentally [n=786, 53.3%]; almost all had an oral route of poisoning [n=1,466, 99.5%]. The cases most frequently involved analgesic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [n=373, 25.2%]; antiepileptic, antipsychotic, psychoactive, and anxiolytic drugs [n=229, 16.3%]; antihistamine, asthma, flu, and cough drugs [n=157, 12.0%]; and antibiotic, anti-fungal; and antiprotozoal drugs [n=74, 5.0%]. Antidotes were administered in only 2.2% of cases, and no deaths were reported
Conclusion: The drug poisoning cases involved females and young children [younger than 5 years old] and the most cases were accidental, and the most commonly used drugs were analgesics [Panadol], followed by antipsychotics, antihistamines, and antiepileptics [Tegretol]