Effect of α-adrenergic blockers silodosin in the management of distal ureteric calculus

Background: Urinary calculus disease is one of the 3 most common urological diseases. It affects about 12% of the world population and has become a worldwide health problem. Of all the urinary tract stones 20% are ureteral stones, of which 70% are found in the distal ureter. The objective of the study is to study the effect of silodosin in the passage of calculi in the distal ureter compared to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (diclofenac sodium) and oral fluids.Methods: This study included a total of 90 patients between the study period from October 2016 to October 2018. 45 patients were chosen randomly and advised to take plenty of oral fluids and treated with NSAIDs and the other 45 patients were treated with silodosin 8 mg HS for one month along with oral fluids and NSAIDs. After 1 month if the stone was passed successfully, it was confirmed with ultrasonography, if failed, advised for surgery.Results: Majority of the patients were in the age group of 20-45 yrs. The mean size of the calculus was 5.60 cm on the right side and 5.71 cm on the left side. Out of the 45 patients who were on treatment with silodosin 35 patients had passed the calculi and 10 patients had no results with a success rate of 77.7%. In the 45 patients who were not on silodosin, 8 patients passed the calculi and 37 patients did not pass the calculi. 21 patients among the 45 underwent urethrorenoscopy.Conclusions: Silodosin is an effective and safe drug in the management of calculi in the distal ureter.

Antibiotics and the mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics

Microorganisms can develop resistance to antibiotics used in the treatment with a variety of mechanisms. In this article, the general mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics and resistance mechanisms that are frequently encountered in antibiotic groups were summarized

Sezary syndrome--without erythroderma.

Sezary syndrome (SS), is described as the classical triad of pruritic erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, and presence of more than 10% of circulating Sezary cells in the peripheral blood. We report on unusual case of advanced cutaneous T - cell lymphoma with classical haematological and histopathological features of Sezary syndrome, but lacking the clinical features of erythroderma. A 66 year old man presented with asymptomatic multiple papules, plaques and nodules and with generalized lymphadenopathy. Peripheral smear showed more than 60% of Sezary cells. Skin and lymph node biopsy showed typical features of T-cell lymphoma and immunohistochemistry and CD marker studies showed the cells to be atypical T-lymphocytes. This unusual case is highlighted to denote that erythroderma need not be taken as a hard and fast criterion for diagnosing Sezary syndrome.

Teratoma over scalp with extension to extradural region through deficient temporal bone

Extracranial teratoma over scalp is a rare lesion. A five day old female neonate presented with a huge mass over left parieto-temporal region of scalp. Investigations revealed no associated anomaly. At exploration deficient skull table in the temporal region, at the base of the lesion was found. The tumour was found adherent to dura mater and was separated by sharp dissection. Cut section revealed a large fluid-containing cyst with bowel loops. Biopsy showed mature teratoma