RESUMEN
Purpose: to investigate the histopathological aspect of the tissue in pigeons infected with parasites
Materials and Methods: pigeons were naturally infected with oocyst, worm ova and arthropod. This study was conducted from February to September 2013, on 125 [net trapped] wild pigeons living freely in the old obstructed tunnel [Rano] and rocks of Zakros Mountain, located on the road between Ilam and Aivan city, South West of Ilam province, Iran. Gizzard, liver, spleen, pancreas, esophagus, intestine, proventriculus, and tracheal glands were separated and preserved. Fresh fecal samples were examined and the Egg per gram was counted. Randomly, different tissues of 15 birds were collected and preceded in Hematoxylin and Eosin for a histopathological study. The birds were checked for ectoparasites
Results: degenerative changes in the epithelial tissues of the esophageal and proventriculus glands as well as destructive changes in the esophagus, duodenum and cecum of infected pigeons were evaluated. A massive congestion was seen in the tissue of pancreas and trachea. The prevalence of Raillietina spp, Tetramers, Syngamus, Capillaria, Ascaridia columbae, oocyst of protozoa, Phthiraptera, Ceratophy llus Columbae contamination and multiples infection were 29%, 5%, 8%, 15%, 4%, 8%, 2%, 5% and 24%, respectively. Collected ectoparasites included feather lice [Phthiraptera] and pigeon fleas [Ceratophyllus Columbae]
Conclusion: the prevalence of different parasites in wild pigeons is somewhat different from racing and domestic pigeons in the same area, whereas it might be due to having different immune responses. Paras ite infection could have some histopathological effects on different tissues, though few such reports exist to the best of our knowledge
RESUMEN
Leishmaniasis including visceral and cutaneous types is an endemic disease in some parts of our country. The current study aimed to investigate some epidemiologic aspects of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis [CL] and comparing the effects of a traditional ointment and Amphotricin B. This prospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted to evaluate epidemiologic pattern of CL and comparing different therapeutic agents including Amphotricin B and local traditional ointment containing onion juice in Mehran- Ilam province, Western Iran during 2003-2008. 150 confirmed cases [40 case in topical treatment group and 100 cases in Amphotricin group] out of 925 suspected patients were enrolled into the study. Diagnosis criteria were based on biopsy and microscopic findings. CL prevalence was significantly increased from 16% in 2003 to 25.3% in 2008 [P<0.001]. Mean age of patients was 23.1 +/- 6.4 years and male gender and age 16 to 24 years were risk factors to involving CL [P=0.05]. Healing period was 133 +/- 15 days for patients who administered traditional ointment and 120 +/- 12 days for Amphotericin B group [P<0.02]. Local itching was observed more frequently in Amphotericin B than traditional ointment [P=0.04]. Increasing CL trend in this tropical area is a real threat for shifting from an endemic to an epidemic disease, which needs serious attention. It seems that the traditional medicine have noticeable effects on CL treatment, so it can be a potential alternative medicine after achieving appropriate technology and performing randomized clinical trials