RESUMEN
Prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition [PEM] is one of the important problems of third-world countries including Iran. This study assessed nutritional status and some related factors among children aged 0-5 years in Bandar Turkmen district. In this cross-sectional study, 616 children aged less than 5 years were selected with stratified random sampling. Malnutrition was defined as <-2 SD National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS] reference [weight for age, weight for height and height for age respectively]. Obesity was defined as > +2 SD NCHS reference. Data were collected by interview with mothers and were analyzed with SPSS-11.5 software. In this study, prevalence of underweight, wasting and stunting and obesity were 3.7, 3.9, 7 and 6% respectively. Exclusively breastfeeding, mother's BMI, mother's weight and parental educational and economic status had significant correlation with children's PEM [p<0.05]. Birth weight <2500 g and >4000 g [p=0.031], breast feeding duration <18 months [p=0.017], mother's present age >/=37 years [p=0.039], mother's delivery age >30 years [p=0.043] and formula or cow's milk plus breast feeding up to 6 months old [p=0.018] had significant correlation with children's obesity. In multivariate analysis on logistic regression, mother's nutritional knowledge [OR=11.22, p=0.001] was most important risk factor for PEM. Exclusively breast feeding up to 6 months of age rather than formula or cow's milk plus breast feeding, reduced 2.45 times obesity risk [p=0.019]. We conclude that breast feeding at first 6 months of age, longer breast feeding duration and pregnancy in lower than 30 years of age reduce risk of child nutritional status
RESUMEN
As the articles in recent years well indicate, more than all other factors, social determinants of health are involved in people's health status and quality of life [QOL]. Among these social factors, the economic one is introduced as the main factor determining health status. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of poverty on QOL. The health-related QOL of poor people under coverage of a public charity institution [group 1] was compared with the QOL of ordinary people [group2] using the SF-36 questionnaire. The QOL scores in the groups 1 and 2 were analyzed by Mann-Whitney, Kruskal -Wallis tests and logistic regression using the SPSS 16.00 software. A total of 400 individuals were studied. The results showed significant differences between the two groups in the QOL measures of SF-36, except for physical and mental health measures [P<0.001]. With regard to the adverse consequence of the Physical Component Scale [PCS], employing logistic regression analysis, statistically significant relationships between the two groups in the demographic characteristics, except age and marital status, were found. For the adverse consequence of Mental Component Scale [MCS], logistic regression showed statistically significant differences between the two groups in the demographic characteristics, except for age. The findings indicate that poverty diminishes the QOL in most aspects; however, considering all aspects of QOL is necessary to promote the individuals' health
RESUMEN
To estimate accuracy of Crude Death Rate [CDR] for the country using mortality data from Gorgan, Iran. Three sources of mortality information in Gorgan were used for estimating the undercount in mortality data. There are some methods for estimating undercount in mortality data. In this study, we estimated it by three different ways of capture-recapture methods. We use Peterson-Chapman, log linear and coverage estimators. The rate of undercount in mortality data by estimate of Peterson and Loglinear was 16.3 and by estimate of coverage method was 18.3. According to these rates the CDR for country is estimated 5.57 and 5.7 in 1000 respectively. Estimated crude death rate for Iran in this study is not significantly different from International Organizations such as UNDP and UNICEF estimation. Their estimation is 5.5 and 5 respectively