Biochemical and bacteriological study on renal stone

Results of studying 203 calculi taken from 203 patients showed that the males are more affected than females with a proportion of 1.7:1. The age group [40 - 49 yrs] was the most affected followed by age group [50-59 yrs]. Calcium calculi made the greatest constitution of calculi in proportion of 89.63% of the renal stones. Six bacterial species were isolated from culture of 203 stones comprised the following: Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococciis aureus, Psendomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Citrobacter freundii. However, P.aeruginosa made the greatest proportion about 67.97% of the total stones number, while 40 stones did not yield a growth of any bacteria. Even though external layers and nidi of the stones showed the same bacterial species, culture of pelvis urine did not yield bacterial growth.

Role of bacteria in Urolithiasis [in vivo study]

The different bacterial species that were isolated from human renal stones: Pseudomonas aerugniosa [urease +ve], Proteus mirabilis, Citrohacler freundii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, [urease -ve], and Escherichia coli, succeeded in stone formation in rats' kidneys, this was determined by examining tissue sections of the kidneys. However, urease producing bacteria revealed more severe than non-urease ones, which influenced, markedly, in increasing urine volume after 10 days of bacterial injecting followed by a decline after 20 - 30 days, however, pH was acidic during the first ten days of injection, changed to alkalinity later, whereas those had been injected with non-urease producers, did not show such changes in their urine.

Isolation of clostridium difficile from the stool of children in Baghdad

Stool samples and rectal swabs [213 samples] Were taken from 158 patients adimtted to local hospitals and 55 healthy children aged few days to fourteen years obtained between November 1995 and April 1996. Rectal swabs and stool samples were inoculated on chopped meat glucose [CM6] medium and Duncan and Strong Medium respectively. Fifteen of 213 samples [7%] were positive for Clostridium difficile indentified by biochemical methods, 7 of which were isolated from patients receiving antimicrobial and other drugs without diarrhea, 2 were isolated from patients received medication and suffered from diarrhea and 6 were isolated from healthy children. In vitro susceptibility tests were performed on 15 isolates to 12 locally available antimicrobial agents [Penicillin, Tetracyclin, Sterptomycin, Lincomycin, Metronidazole, Neomycin, Chlormphenicol, Erythromycin, Gentamicin, Ampicillin, Cefazolin, Clindamycin]. Most of the isolates revealed high resistance to Neomycin, Clindamycin and streptomycin