RESUMEN
Bixa orellana is used in popular medicine against several diseases. Extracts of its fruit, root and leaf presented antimicrobial activity, while seed extract showed negative results. This study aimed at verifying the antimycobacterial activity of B. orellanalyophilized hydroalcoholic extracts over Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration against five bacteria. Antimycobacterial activity was determined by diffusion technique, while MIC was assessed by diffusion and colorimetric analysis. MICs were 0.3, 0.5 and 0.2 mg/mL respectively, for leaf, root and stem extracts, against M. tuberculosis. Stem's extract showed 1.2 mg/mL for B. cereus, 1.53 mg/mL for S. aureusand S. typhimurium, 4.50 mg/mL for P. aeruginosaand 8.01 mg/mL for P. mirabillis.Leaf extracts showed 0.66 mg/mL for P. aeruginosa, 0.94 mg/mL for P. mirabillis, 1.88 mg/mL for S. aureus, 3.95 mg/mL for B. cereusand 8.37 mg/mL for S. typhimurium. Root's extracts showed 0.25 mg/mL for P. aeruginosa,0.31 mg/mL for S. aureus, 0.62 mg/mL for S. typhimuriumand 3.00 mg/mL for B. cereusand P. mirabillis. Leaf and stem extracts showed antimycobacterial activity. MICs were lower in colorimetric analysis than in agar diffusion. Extracts revealed bacteriostatic activity against the five bacterial.
Bixa orellana é usada na medicina popular em várias doenças. Extratos do fruto, raiz e folhas apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana, enquanto extratos do caule mostraram resultados negativos. Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar a atividade antimicobacteriana de extratos hidroalcoólicos liofilizados de B. orellanafrente Mycobacterium tuberculosis e determinar a Concentração Inibitória Mínima para cinco bactérias. A atividade antimicobacteriana foi determinada por difusão e a CIM por difusão e análise colorimétrica. As CIM foram 0,3, 0,5 e 0,2 mg/mL para os extratos de folhas, raiz e caule frente M. tuberculosis. Os extratos de caule demonstraram CIM de 1,12 mg/mL (B. cereus), 1,53 mg/mL (S. aureuse S. typhimurium), 4,50 mg/mL (P. aeruginosa) e 8,01 mg/mL (P. mirabillis); extratos de folhas mostraram 0,66 mg/mL (P. aeruginosa), 0,94 mg/mL (P. mirabillis), 1,88 mg/mL (S. aureus), 3,95 mg/mL (B. cereus) e 8,37 mg/mL (S. typhimurium); extratos de raiz demonstraram 0,25 mg/mL (P. aeruginosa), 0,31 mg/mL (S. aureus), 0,62 mg/mL (S. typhimurium) e 3,00 mg/mL (B. cereuse P. mirabillis). Extratos de folhas e caule mostraram atividade antimicobacteriana. As CIM por colorimetria foram menores que na difusão em agar. Os extratos revelaram atividade bacteriostática sobre as cinco espécies bacterianas.