RESUMEN
Illicit drug use is an intricate challenge that currently affects an individual's health and overall well-being. This review study provides insight into the availability of information regarding the examination of the signs, treatment approaches, and broader consequences related to health problems among individuals who use drugs. The clinical indicators of drug consumption on oral health encompass issues such as dry mouth (xerostomia), gum problems, teeth grinding (bruxism), and dental cavities. These manifestations contribute to immediate discomfort and elevate the risk of long-term dental complications, underscoring the pressing need for intervention and care. Effective management strategies involve a comprehensive approach, incorporating preventive measures, timely treatment, and a compassionate understanding of the unique challenges faced by drug users. Preventive efforts, such as education and regular dental check-ups, serve as critical components in mitigating the clinical manifestations. Treatment strategies, including restorative procedures and periodontal therapy, play a pivotal role in addressing immediate oral health concerns. However, the management of oral health issues extends beyond the dental chair. Acknowledging the hurdles faced by individuals who use drugs, including economic factors and social prejudice, underscores the significance of adopting a comprehensive approach to providing support and assistance. Integrating oral health services with substance abuse treatment presents a promising avenue for comprehensive healthcare. This collaborative approach addresses oral health issues and acknowledges the bidirectional relationship between substance abuse and oral health. In summary, it is essential to comprehend the relationship between illicit drug use and oral health. By implementing management strategies, we can potentially reduce suffering, improve quality of life, and enhance health for individuals affected by substance abuse. This holistic approach emphasizes the significance of acknowledging and addressing these population’s health requirements within a broader healthcare framework.
RESUMEN
Orthodontic devices, including both fixed and removable devices, have the potential to impact dental anatomy, the space within the oral cavity, the displacement of the tongue, and the production of speech. The usage of fixed labial appliances may cause transient or persistent speech and phonetics changes, particularly affecting sibilant and stopped sounds. Lingual fixed appliances, while providing aesthetic advantages, can lead to difficulties in maintaining oral hygiene, pain in the tongue, and speech disturbances. Orthodontic retainers, used post-treatment, can also affect speech and phonetics by altering the oral cavity space and tongue position. Other appliances like removable appliances, palatal expanders, and prosthetic dental appliances may also disrupt speech production. Objective, semi-objective, and subjective assessments are utilized to evaluate speech disruptions induced by orthodontic devices. Patients considering orthodontic aligners should be informed about potential temporary limitations in speech production, which can be managed by removing the device when necessary. The adaptation to orthodontic treatment may vary based on individual characteristics. Orthodontists should consider these effects and communicate them to patients. This review article explores the effect of orthodontic treatment on speech and phonetics.
RESUMEN
Inflammatory breast cancer is an uncommon and severe malignancy that frequently goes undiagnosed at first because it presents similarly to more benign breast diseases like mastitis, resulting in delayed treatment. Inflammatory breast cancer affects 1% to 5% of all occurrences of breast cancer and accounts for 8% to 10% of all breast cancer-related deaths. Erythema, skin abnormalities, nipple inversion, edema, and warmth of the affected breast are all signs of inflammatory breast cancer. Recognized risk factors for inflammatory breast cancer include young age at the time of diagnosis, obesity and African American ethnicity. Rapid onset within 3 months and pathologic evidence of invasive carcinoma leads to diagnosis of disease further including erythema occupying at least one-third of the breast, tumour may or may not be present in this case. Chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation make up the trimodal therapy used to treat inflammatory breast cancer. A modified radical mastectomy performed as part of an aggressive surgical strategy improves survival rates. Although patients with inflammatory breast cancer have worse outcomes than those with noninflammatory breast cancer, those who complete trimodal therapy have a positive locoregional control rate, highlighting the significance of an early diagnosis. Physicians must be aware and examine any clinical manifestation of inflammatory breast cancer if present to make a prompt diagnosis and refer patient for expert care timely also awareness and cancer screening can help in prevention of disease. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about an overview of inflammatory breast cancer.