RESUMEN
The burden of comorbidities is on the rise, and nursing has long been recognized as having a crucial role in assisting individuals to manage long-term conditions. Over the past ten years, a growing number of chronic disease delivery models have given nurses great opportunities to develop roles and abilities focused on effective chronic disease management. We have conducted both electronic and manual searches within the potential databases to find relevant studies. Studies from the years 2010-2023 were included. Case reports with limited sample sizes, no descriptive statistics, review papers, and meta-analyses were excluded from this review. A quality assessment for all included studies was performed. Final inclusion resulted in a total of eight studies. Cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and diabetes were the comorbidities reported by the majority of the studies, while chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, end-stage renal disease, and metastatic cancer were reported by each study. Overall, the findings suggest that nurses play a significant role in the management of comorbidities among patients, further improving patient outcomes, reducing readmissions and hospital costs, and preventing complications. The care of patients with complicated medical and social needs is coordinated through the employment of a wide range of interventions in an internal medicine setting. Nurse-led interventions /programs can play a vital part in reducing the burden of rising comorbidities among patients. However, the role of nurses in the internal medicine setting needs to be highlighted further by evidence-based research.
RESUMEN
Reproductive health is a global concern, characterized by high rates of maternal and infant mortality. Preconception counseling is a comprehensive approach aimed at improving pregnancy outcomes and maternal health. It involves addressing pre-existing medical conditions, promoting lifestyle modifications, and providing education and support to women before conception or during the interconception period. Tailoring counseling to individual needs and risk factors is crucial for optimal outcomes. Although further research is needed to assess the sustained effects of behavioral changes and overall impact, preconception counseling holds significant potential in promoting healthier pregnancies and improving the well-being of women, infants, and families. By prioritizing research in this field, we can better understand and utilize the benefits of preconception counseling, ultimately contributing to the global enhancement of reproductive health. While the impact of preconception counseling on long-term outcomes requires further research, its potential in promoting healthier pregnancies and improving the well-being of women, infants, and families is evident. It has the capacity to address not only the physical aspects of reproductive health but also the emotional, social, and environmental factors that contribute to overall well-being.