Enxerto por raspagem epidérmica no vitiligo estável: uma opção terapêutica / Grafting by epidermal scraping in stable vitiligo: a therapeutic option

O vitiligo é despigmentação adquirida caracterizada pela perda parcial ou total dos melanócitos da epiderme. Inúmeras modalidades terapêuticas foram propostas para seu tratamento. Nos casos de vitiligo estável os tratamentos cirúrgicos são a preferência. O enxerto por raspagem epidérmica é uma variante da técnica de microenxertos por punch. Constitui técnica nova, simples e de baixo custo, com altas taxas de repigmentação. O objetivo deste relato é demonstrar a experiência dos autores com essa técnica e discutir os resultados obtidos numa série inicial de dois casos (três lesões).

Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentation characterized by partial or total loss of epidermal melanocytes. Many therapeutic modalities have been proposed for its treatment. In cases of stable vitiligo surgical treatments are preferred. Grafting by epidermal scraping is a variant of micrografts by punch technique. It is a new, simple and low cost technique, with high rates of repigmentation. The objective of this report is to demonstrate the authors' experience with this technique and discuss the results in an initial series of two cases (three lesions).

Drug-induced lupus with leukocytoclastic vasculitis: a rare expression associated with adalimumab

TNF alpha antagonist-induced lupus-like syndrome is a rare condition which predominantly affects women (4:1). The average age of onset is 46-51 years. It occurs after exposure to TNF alpha antagonist and disappears after discontinuation of such agents. The pathogenic mechanism for development of the TNF alpha antagonist-induced lupus-like syndrome is not fully defined. It is believed that the medication induces apoptosis, leading to an accumulation of nucleosomal antigens of apoptotic cells. This would cause autoantibodies to be produced by susceptible individuals. The most common cutaneous manifestations include maculopapular exanthem, malar rash, alopecia, photosensitivity and, more rarely, vasculitis. Extracutaneous manifestations include: fever, weight loss, arthritis or arthralgia, myositis and hematological abnormalities. Antinuclear antibody may be positive in 80% of cases and anti-histone antibody is considered a disease marker for TNF alpha antagonist-induced lupus-like syndrome. Treatment corresponds to drug discontinuation. We report a rare case of sub-acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus with leukocytoclastic vasculitis induced by adalimumab in a 42-year-old patient.

Biological agents: investigation into leprosy and other infectious diseases before indication / Agentes biologicos: pesquisa de hanseniase e outras doencas infecciosas antes da indicacao

Biological agents are widely used for various immune-mediated diseases, with remarkable effectiveness in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and Crohn's disease. However, attention needs to be drawn to the adverse effects of these therapies and the risk of reactivating underlying granulomatous infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy, syphilis, leishmaniasis, among others. The objective of this paper is to describe a case of leprosy in a patient with RA using anti-TNF alfa, demonstrating the need for systematic investigation of skin lesions suggestive of leprosy in patients who require rheumatoid arthritis therapeutic treatment, especially in endemic regions like Brazil.

Os agentes biológicos são amplamente utilizados em diversas doenças imuno-mediadas, com marcante eficácia no tratamento da Artrite Reumatóide (AR), Psoríase, Artrite Psoriática, Espondilite Anquilosante e Doença de Crohn. No entanto, deve-se atentar quanto aos efeitos adversos de tais terapêuticas, como o risco de reativar doenças infecciosas granulomatosas latentes, como a tuberculose, hanseníase, sífilis, leishmaniose, entre outras. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever um caso de hanseníase em paciente portador de AR em uso de terapia anti-TNF alfa, mostrando, assim, a necessidade de investigação sistematizada de lesões cutâneas sugestivas de hanseníase em pacientes com indicação de terapia anti-TNF alfa, especialmente, em regiões endêmicas como o Brasil.