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Objectives@#Mandibular fractures vary significantly with respect to epidemiological and demographic parameters among populations. To date, no study has evaluated these aspects of mandibular fractures in Nuh, Mewat, Haryana, India. To retrospectively analyze the incidence, age and sex distributions, etiology, anatomic distribution, occlusal status, treatment modality provided, and their correlation in patients who suffered isolated mandibular fractures. @*Materials and Methods@#The records of maxillofacial injury patients who reported to the Department of Dentistry, SHKM Government Medical College from January 2013 to December 2019, were retrieved from our database, and necessary information was collected. The data collected were analyzed statistically using IBM SPSS ver. 21. @*Results@#Totals of 146 patients and 211 fractures were analyzed. There were 127 males and 19 females with an age range of 3-70 years (mean age, 26 years). Road traffic accident (RTA) was the most common cause of fracture (64.4%), followed by fall (19.9%), assault (15.1%), and sports injury (0.7%). Of all patients, 42.5% had bilateral fractures, 31.5% had left side fracture, 21.2% had right side fracture, 3.4% sustained midline symphyseal fracture, and 1.4% had symphyseal fracture along one side of the mandible. Site distribution was as follows: parasymphysis (34.6%), angle (23.7%), condyle (20.4%), body (12.8%), symphysis (4.3%), ramus 2.4%, and dentoalveolar 1.9%. The most common facture combination was angle with parasymphysis (17.8%). Occlusion was disrupted in 69.2% patients. Closed reduction was the predominant treatment modality. @*Conclusion@#The data obtained from retrospective analyses of maxillofacial trauma increase the understanding of variables and their outcomes among populations. The results of the present study are comparable to those of the literature in some aspects and different in others.
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Objective: To study the various clinical presentations - age of onset, sex preponderance, course of disease and histopathological patterns of autoimmune vesiculobullous disorders and correlate clinical and histopathological findings and immunofluorescence with clinical and histopathological findings in few affordable cases
Methods: The present descriptive study was undertaken in a tertiary care hospital over a period of 2 years. It included 50 patients of autoimmune vesicobullous diseases fulfilling inclusion criteria. Diagnosis was established by clinical and histopathological findings. Direct immunofluorescence [DIF] testing was done in few affordable patients
Results: Autoimmune vesiculobullous disorders constituted 0.128% of skin disease. Pemphigus vulgaris [62%] constituted the most common vesiculobullous disorder. Females [58%] outnumbered males [42%]. The age group ranged from 11 years to 85 years and the mean age was 46.2 [15.6] years. The duration of the diseases ranged from less than a week to more than a year. Tzanck smear findings revealed acantholytic cells in 90.3% cases of pemphigus vulgaris and all cases of pemphigus foliaceus and pemphigus erythematosus. Correlation between clinical and histopathological findings was seen in 96% of cases and that between histopathological and DIF findings in 89% of cases
Conclusion: After the preliminary clinical and cytological diagnosis, histopathology and DIF are required to confirm the diagnosis. Considering the socioeconomic situations of the patients and unavailability of immunofluorescence technique widely, the study showed that clinical features and histopathology are fairly specific and cost-effective in arriving at the diagnosis
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Objectives: To study the lipid levels in patients with lichen planus and controls, to find the association of lichen planus with dyslipidemia and to find the association of lichen planus with metabolic syndrome
Methods This was a case-control study involving a total of 100 patients, consecutively visiting the Outpatient Dermatology Department at Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences Hubli, Karnataka. Men and women with age more than 18 years [50 cases with Lichen planus and 50 controls without lichen planus and had other skin diseases mainly nevi, seborrheic keratosis, verruca vulgaris]
Results We found significantly higher levels of triglycerides [153.03 vs 107.91 p value 0.008], total cholesterol [158.49 vs 143.47 p value 0.018], VLDL [30.61 vs 22.75 p value 0.021] and significantly lower levels of HDL [38.86 vs 45.78 p value 0.00l]. Both TG/HDL ratio [4.26 vs 3.19] and LDL/HDL ratio [2.45 vs 1.78] were significantly higher with a p value of 0.0001. ATP-III criteria for metabolic syndrome were met by 6% of the patients with LP versus 2% of the controls [p value=0.617], suggesting no association between metabolic syndrome and lichen planus. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with LP was 38% for cases and 6% for controls [p value< 0.001]
Amultivariate logistic regression model demonstrated that LP was associated with dyslipidemia, even after controlling for confounders, including age, gender, BMI and FBS levels [OR=11.53 95%, CI-2.80-47.55, p value 0.00l]
Conclusion The results obtained in our study support the association of dyslipidemia in lichen planus which was seen even after controlling the confounding factors
The study also highlights the importance of routine screening of dyslipidemia since early intervention may reduce the risk and complications of cardiovascular disease later in life. However, there was no association seen between lichen planus and metabolic syndrome. Further studies are required to establish this finding