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@#Abstract: Objective To understand the morphological characteristics and ultrastructure of the dominant species of Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Hainan at different developmental stages, and provide theoretical basis for the identification of the lineage and control of Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Methods The external morphology of different developmental stages of the dominant species of Rhipicephalus sanguineus, including larva, nymph and adult tick in Hainan were observed by scanning electron microscope. Results The division between each segment of larva pedipalps was not obvious, and setae was serrated; dental formula type 2 | 2; 3 pairs of podomere; a pair of setae on the anal valve; none of anal groove, spiracular plate, porous area and genital aperture. There was a clear boundary at the beginning of each segment of nymph pedipalps; dental formula type 2 | 2; 4 pairs of podomere; 3 pairs of setae on the anal valve; anal groove; none of porous area and genital aperture. The male adult tick's trichotheca are covered by the pedipalps, and the whole bristles are conical; dental formula type 3 | 3; 4 pairs of podomere; anal groove and paraprocts; 7 setae on the anal valve; genital aperture was oval. The female of adult tick can be distinguished by dental formula 3 | 3; pairs of podomere; porous areas with 3 short setae; anal groove; 4 pairs of setae and 2 pores on the anal valve; genital pore was broadly U-shaped. In addition, the male adult's scutum occupies almost the entire dorsal surface, the basis capituli of larva, nymph and adult tick all were hexagonal, and the existence of Haller's organ was found on the first pair of legs. Conclusions Scanning electron microscopy observation of the different developmental stages of R.sanguineus revealed clear morphological features, preliminarily suggesting that R.sanguineus in Hainan Province may belong to the tropical lineage, which provide a certain experimental basis for the identification of the tick and the comprehensive prevention and control of local tick-borne diseases.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: The idea of sports as a way of strengthening the body has been around for a long time. It has also been confirmed from the perspective of modern medicine. The development of sports has been accepted by people under the effect of medical proof. Objective: This article explores the behavioral characteristics and shortcomings of physical exercise for the elderly who aim to strengthen their health. Methods: The article statistically analyzes the influencing factors of urban Chinese elderly people participating in sports. At the same time, it uses questionnaire surveys and mathematical statistics to find out the common main obstacles hindering the participation of the elderly in sports in Chinese cities. Results: Keeping fit is the primary purpose of older urban people participating in sports. Walking, Tai Chi, square dancing, etc., are the primary sports for the elderly. Conclusion: Most older adults still participate in physical exercises in independent forms or self-organized small groups. Under the concept of physical fitness, the elderly are more active in physical exercise. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMO Introdução: A ideia do esporte como forma de fortalecer o corpo já circula há muito tempo. Também foi confirmada na perspectiva da medicina moderna. O desenvolvimento do esporte tem sido aceito pelas pessoas ao observar o efeito obtido em provas médicas. Objetivo: Este artigo explora as características e deficiências comportamentais do exercício físico para os idosos cujo objetivo é fortalecer a saúde. Métodos: O estudo analisou estatisticamente os fatores que influenciam idosos chineses urbanos a participarem em esportes. Ao mesmo tempo, questionários de sondagem e estatísticas matemáticas foram utilizados para descobrir os principais obstáculos que em geral impedem a participação dos idosos em esportes em cidades chinesas. Resultados: Manter-se em forma é o principal propósito para a participação de idosos urbanos em esportes. Caminhadas, Tai Chi, dança de quadrilhas etc. são os principais esportes dos idosos. Conclusão: A maioria dos adultos mais velhos ainda participam de exercícios físicos de forma independente, ou em pequenos grupos que eles mesmos organizam. Sob o conceito de preparo físico, os idosos praticam exercícios mais ativamente. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: La idea del deporte como forma de fortalecer el cuerpo ya circula hace mucho tiempo. También se la confirmó en la perspectiva de la medicina moderna. El desarrollo del deporte ha sido aceptado por las personas al observar el efecto obtenido en pruebas médicas. Objetivo: Este artículo explora las características y deficiencias comportamentales del ejercicio físico para ancianos cuyo objetivo es fortalecer la salud. Métodos: El estudio analizó estadísticamente los factores que influencian ancianos chinos urbanos a participar en deportes. Al mismo tiempo, encuestas de sondeo y estadísticas matemáticas se utilizaron para descubrir los principales obstáculos que en general impiden la participación de los ancianos en deportes en ciudades chinas. Resultados: Mantenerse en forma es el principal propósito para la participación de ancianos urbanos en deportes. Caminatas, Tai Chi, square dance, son los principales deportes de los ancianos. Conclusión: La mayoría de los adultos mayores aún participan de ejercicios físicos de forma independiente, o en pequeños grupos que organizan ellos mismos. Bajo el concepto de preparación física, los ancianos practican ejercicios más activamente. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.
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BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis attacks approximately 10% of the population worldwide. Sika Deer (Cervus nippon), one of China's precious traditional medicinal animals, has been widely recorded in ancient Chinese medical books and claimed for centuries to have numerous medical benefits including bone strengthening. This study aimed to find the use of Sika Deer bone in treating osteoporosis according to traditional records and to investigate the protective effect of Sika Deer bone polypeptide extract on glucocorticoidinduced osteoporosis (GIOP) in rats. RESULTS: Sika Deer bone polypeptide extract could increase serum Ca2+ and BGP, decrease serum P3+, ALP, PTH, and CT, but had no effect on serum NO in rats with GIOP. The immunohistochemical iNOS results of the rats' distal femur were negative in each group. Besides the model group, the eNOS color reaction in osteoblasts was strongly positive in the other three groups. CONCLUSIONS: Sika Deer bone polypeptide extract can improve pathological changes in the microstructure and stimulate the expression of eNOS in osteoblasts. The protective effect on bone might be mediated by eNOS-dependent NO generation.