Pancreatectomía distal laparoscópica con preservación del bazo para el tratamiento del tumor pseudopapilar del páncreas: informe de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with spleen preservation for management of a pseudopapillary pancreatic tumor: Case report and review of the literature / Pancreatectomia distal laparoscópica com preservação do baço para o tratamento do tumor pseudopapilar do pâncreas: informe de um caso e revisão da literatura

RESUMEN El tumor sólido pseudopapilar es una neoplasia pancreática infrecuente, pero los informes sobre ella han aumentado en las últimas dos décadas; es más frecuente en mujeres jóvenes en la segunda y tercera décadas de la vida y tiene riesgo de transformación maligna. Su tratamiento es la resección pancreática. En la actualidad, la pancreatectomía laparoscópica es el procedimiento asociado a menos morbilidad posoperatoria en comparación con la pancreatectomía abierta; usualmente este procedimiento se acompaña de esplenectomía debido a las dificultades anatómicas en la disección de los vasos esplénicos, pero la resección del bazo tiene implicaciones en la fisiología inmunológica por lo que su preservación conlleva una disminución de la morbilidad. Se presenta el caso de una paciente joven con un tumor sólido pseudopapilar a quien se le hizo pancreatectomía distal por laparoscopia con preservación del bazo; el resultado fue exitoso.

SUMMARY Solid pseudopapillary tumor is an infrequent pancreatic neoplasia, but reports about it have increased in the last two decades. It is more frequent in women in the second and third decades of life. It has the potential of malignant transformation. Treatment is surgical resection. Presently, laparoscopic pancreatectomy is the procedure associated with lesser post-operatory morbidity, as compared to open pancreatectomy. The procedure is usually accompanied by splenectomy due to anatomical difficulties in the dissection of the splenic vessels. However, splenectomy has immunological implications, and preservation of the spleen associates with lower morbidity. We report the case of a young woman with a solid pseudopapillary pancreatic tumor treated by distal laparoscopic pancreatectomy with preservation of the spleen. Outcome was successful.

RESUMO O tumor sólido pseudopapilar é uma neoplasia pancreática infrequente, mas os informes sobre ela há aumentado nas últimas duas décadas; é mais frequente nas mulheres jovens na segunda e terceira décadas da vida e tem risco de transformação maligna. Seu tratamento é a ressecção pancreática. Na atualidade, a pancreatectomia laparoscópica é o procedimento associado a pelo menos morbidez pós-operatória em comparação com a pancreatectomia aberta; usualmente este procedimento se acompanha de esplenectomia devido às dificuldades anatómicas na dissecção dos vasos esplénicos, mas a ressecção do baço tem implicações na fisiologia imunológica porque sua preservação implica uma diminuição da morbidez. Se apresenta o caso de uma paciente jovem com um tumor sólido pseudopapilar a quem se fez pancreatectomia distal por laparoscopia com preservação do baço; o resultado teve sucesso.

Characterization of mandibular molar root and canal morphology using cone beam computed tomography and its variability in Belgian and Chilean population samples

PURPOSE: This study used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to characterize mandibular molar root and canal morphology and its variability in Belgian and Chilean population samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the CBCT images of 515 mandibular molars (257 from Belgium and 258 from Chile). Molars meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed to determine (1) the number of roots; (2) the root canal configuration; (3) the presence of a curved canal in the cross-sectional image of the distal root in the mandibular first molar and (4) the presence of a C-shaped canal in the second mandibular molar. A descriptive analysis was performed. The association between national origin and the presence of a curved or C-shaped canal was evaluated using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: The most common configurations in the mesial root of both molars were type V and type III. In the distal root, type I canal configuration was the most common. Curvature in the cross-sectional image was found in 25% of the distal canals of the mandibular first molars in the Belgian population, compared to 11% in the Chilean population. The prevalence of C-shaped canals was 10% or less in both populations. CONCLUSION: In cases of unclear or complex root and canal morphology in the mandibular molars, CBCT imaging might assist endodontic specialists in making an accurate diagnosis and in treatment planning.