Corrigendum: Microbiological and clinical effects of enamel matrix derivative and sustained-release micro-spherical minocycline application as an adjunct to non-surgical therapy in peri-implant mucosal inflammation

This correction is being published to correct the last author's name in above article.

Microbiological and clinical effects of enamel matrix derivative and sustained-release micro-spherical minocycline application as an adjunct to non-surgical therapy in peri-implant mucosal inflammation

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the microbial and clinical effects of mechanical debridement (MD) alone or in combination with the application of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and sustained-release micro-spherical minocycline (MSM) for treatment of peri-implant mucosal infl ammation (PIMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects with at least one implant with PIMI were included and divided into control and two different test groups. In all three groups, MD was performed. In the MSM group, following MD, MSM was placed subgingivally around the implants. In the EMD group, after MD, EMD was placed in the sulcus around the implants. Sampling of peri-implant crevicular fl uid for microbial analysis with real-time polymerase chain reaction and recording of probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were performed prior to as well as two weeks and three months after treatment. Median values and interquartile range were estimated for each variable during the various assessment intervals of the study. RESULTS: In all groups, at two weeks and three months, the counts of Porphyromonas gingivalis decreased significantly compared to baseline. Levels of P. gingivalis were significantly reduced in MSM (P<0.001) and EMD (P=0.026) groups compared to the control group. Also, clinical parameters improved significantly at two weeks and three months. Reduction of PD was significant in MSM (P<0.001) and EMD (P<0.001) groups. The decrease in BOP in the MSM, EMD, and control groups was 60%, 50%, and 20%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The use of MSM and EMD can be an adjunctive treatment for management of PIMI and improves clinical parameters and reduces P. gingivalis burden three months after treatment.

effect of interleukin 36Gene therapy in the regression of tumor

Cancer immunotherapy attempts to stimulate the immune system to reject and destroy tumors and is one of the cancer treatment strategies. Recently, interluekin36 [IL36] has been used as immunotherapeutic agents in cancer gene therapy. Present study investigated that the IL36 gene therapy effects on the regression of tumor masses in mouse model. Aim of this study is determination of the gene therapy effects by IL36 in the regression of tumor masses in mouse model. To study the therapeutic efficacy of this cytokine, WEHI-164 tumor cells were transected with mIL36 plasmids. ELISA test was used to check cytokine production by transected cells. To establish fibro sarcoma mouse model, Tumoral transfected cells were injected subcutaneously to inoculate tumor in BALB/C mice. Tumor volumes were measured by caliper. Mice were sacrificed and tumors were extracted. The expression of IL36 and IFN-gamma was studied with Real-time PCR and immunoblotting. The expression of Ki-67 [a tumor proliferation marker] in tumor masses was studied by immunohistochemistry staining. In this study we had 2 groups which are treated with IL-36 and Untreated with IL-36 as a blank. The group treated with IL36 indicated decrease of tumor mass volume [p<0.001]. The results of western blotting and real-time PCR showed the IL36 expression increased in the group treated with IL36 [with relative expression of 1.9]. Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that the Ki-67expression has been reduced in the group interfered with IL36. IL36 gene therapy has therapeutic effects on the regression of tumor masses in fibro sarcoma mouse model

Comparison of pain intensity of anterior middle superior alveolar injection with infiltration anesthetic technique in maxillary periodontal surgery

PURPOSE: The aim of the present clinical trial was to compare pain during injection of anterior middle superior alveolar (AMSA) technique with that of infiltration injection technique in the maxilla in periodontal flap surgeries of patients referring to the Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. METHODS: Twenty subjects with an age range of 20 to 40 years were selected for the present study. One side of the maxilla was randomly selected as the test side and the other as the control side using a flip of a coin. AMSA technique was used on the test side and infiltration technique was used on the control side for anesthesia. On both sides 2% lidocaine containing 1:80,000 epinephrine was used for anesthesia. The operator obtained the visual analogue scale for each patient immediately after the injection and immediately after surgery. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods (frequency percentages, means and standard deviations) and Wilcoxon's test using SPSS ver. 13 (SPSS Inc.). Statistical significance was defined at P<0.05. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in pain during injection between the two techniques (P=0.856). There were statistically significant differences in postoperative pain between the two injection techniques (P=0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative pain in AMSA injection technique was less than that in the infiltration technique. Therefore, the AMSA technique is preferable in the periodontal surgeries for the anesthesia of palatal tissues given the fact that it has other advantages, too.

Comparison of pain intensity of anterior middle superior alveolar injection with infiltration anesthetic technique in maxillary periodontal surgery

PURPOSE: The aim of the present clinical trial was to compare pain during injection of anterior middle superior alveolar (AMSA) technique with that of infiltration injection technique in the maxilla in periodontal flap surgeries of patients referring to the Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. METHODS: Twenty subjects with an age range of 20 to 40 years were selected for the present study. One side of the maxilla was randomly selected as the test side and the other as the control side using a flip of a coin. AMSA technique was used on the test side and infiltration technique was used on the control side for anesthesia. On both sides 2% lidocaine containing 1:80,000 epinephrine was used for anesthesia. The operator obtained the visual analogue scale for each patient immediately after the injection and immediately after surgery. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods (frequency percentages, means and standard deviations) and Wilcoxon's test using SPSS ver. 13 (SPSS Inc.). Statistical significance was defined at P<0.05. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in pain during injection between the two techniques (P=0.856). There were statistically significant differences in postoperative pain between the two injection techniques (P=0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative pain in AMSA injection technique was less than that in the infiltration technique. Therefore, the AMSA technique is preferable in the periodontal surgeries for the anesthesia of palatal tissues given the fact that it has other advantages, too.

Subepithelial connective tissue graft with and without the use of plasma rich in growth factors for treating root exposure

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficiency of the subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) with and without plasma rich in growth factor (PRGF) in the treatment of gingival recessions. METHODS: Twenty bilateral buccal gingival Miller's Class I and II recessions were selected. Ten of the recessions were treated with SCTG and PRGF (test group). The rest ten of the recessions were treated with SCTG (control group). The clinical parameters including recession depth (RD), percentage of root coverage (RC), mucogingival junction (MGJ) position, clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing depth (PD) were measured at the baseline, and 1 and 3 months later. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: After 3 months, both groups showed a significant improvement in all of the mentioned criteria except PD. Although the amount of improvement was better in the SCTG+PRGF group than the SCTG only group, this difference was not statistically significant. The mean RC was 70.85+/-12.57 in the test group and 75.83+/-24.68 in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Both SCTG+PRGF and SCTG only result in favorable clinical outcomes, but the added benefit of PRGF is not evident.

Clinical comparison of treatment response patterns following non-surgical periodontal therapy in non-smokers and passive smokers with chronic periodontitis

Smoking is a risk factor for periodontal disease. It has been documented that smoking impairs response to periodontal therapy. The aim of this study was clinical comparison of treatment response patterns following non-surgical periodontal therapy in non-smokers [NS] and passive smokers [PS] with chronic periodontitis. Eighty adult patients [40 NS and 40 PS] with mild to moderate periodontitis were treated with full-mouth subgingival scaling and root planing. Clinical parameters evaluated included probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and plaque index, collected at baseline, and at 3- and 6-month intervals.. In comparison with the baseline data, both groups showed statistically significant improvements in all the parameters after 3 and 6 months. Full-mouth plaque and bleeding scores at 6 months did not demonstrate any significant differences between the two groups [P = 0.36 and P = 0.69, respectively]. However, the inter-group differences after 6 months were statistically significant with regard to probing depth and clinical attachment level measurements [P = 0.001]. Results demonstrated that response to non-surgical periodontal therapy in non-smokers is better than that in passive smokers

Influence of the display monitor on observer performance in detection of dental caries

Digital imaging continues to gain acceptance in dentistry and video display used for this becomes important. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of the display monitor on observer performance on caries detection. Artificial enamel lesions were created in 40 extracted teeth at random using 1/4 and 1/2 round burs. Teeth were mounted in dental stone blocks to simulate a hemi-dentition. Approximate exposures were recorded at 70 kVp using a Planmeca [Planmeca Co, Helsinki, Finland] digital imaging system. Three oral and maxillofacial radiologists rated each image on a five-point scale for the presence or absence of lesion. Radiographic images were viewed on the following monitors: [1] LG Flatron 700p [LG Electronics Co., South Korea]; [2] Samsung Magicgreen [Samsung Electronics Corp., South Korea]; [3] Hansol 710p [Hansol Electronics Corp., South Korea] and [4] Toshiba satellite laptop [Toshiba Computer Corp., Philippines]. Examiners were allowed to magnify and adjust density and contrast of each image at will. Receiver Operating Characteristic [ROC] analysis was performed. Data was subjected to repeated measures analysis of variance and ordinal logistic regression to test for significance between variables and to determine odds ratios. Mean ROC curve areas ranged from 0.8728 for the LG monitor to 0.8395 for the Samsung. Repeated measures analysis of variance showed significant differences between observers [P < 0.0001], lesion size [P < 0.0001], examiner/monitor interaction [P < 0.033] and examiner/block interaction [P < 0.013]. However, no significant difference was found between monitors. This study suggests that observer performance is independent of the visual characteristics of the display monitor