Molten metal-related ocular thermal burn: report on two cases / Queimadura térmica ocular por metal derretido: relato de dois casos

ABSTRACT We report two cases of severe thermal burns on the ocular surface and its adnexal appendages that developed secondary to exposure to molten heavy metal with a melting temperature of near-thousand degree Celsius. Despite aggressive intervention and strict monitoring, the profound inflammation caused significant damage to the ocular surface, ending up in an intractable infection with an unfavorable outcome. The heat of the molten metal at impact, the heat-retaining capacity of the heavy metal, the total area of the ocular surface exposed to the molten metal, and the duration of exposure determined the severity of the injury. The unfavorable outcome, despite an intensive treatment, in terms of visual acuity and cosmetic appearance, should be explicitly explained to the patient, and a psychiatrist consultation should be considered if necessary.

RESUMO Relatamos dois casos de queimaduras graves da superfície ocular e seus anexos causadas por exposição à metais pesados derretidos com temperatura de fusão de quase mil graus Celsius. Embora rigorosamente acompanhados, a inflamação intensa causou danos significativos para a superfície ocular, que acabou em uma infecção intratável com um resultado desfavorável. O calor do metal fundido no momento do impacto, a capacidade de retenção de calor do metal pesado, a área total da superfície ocular exposta ao metal fundido e a duração da exposição determinaram a gravidade da lesão que vai ocorrer. O resultado desfavorável, apesar do tratamento intensivo, em relação à acuidade visual e à aparência estética, devem ser claramente explicados ao paciente e uma consulta ao psiquiatra deve ser considerada, se necessário.

Demographic features of subjects with congenital glaucoma.

Context: Congenital glaucoma is a potentially blinding ocular disease of the childhood. Identifi cation of the possible associated risk factors and may be helpful for prevention or early detection of this public health problem. Aims: To demonstrate the demographic features of congenital glaucoma subjects. Se􀄴 ing and Design: The charts of congenital glaucoma patients referred to Tamcelik Glaucoma Center were retrospectively reviewed through the dates of 2000 and 2013. Materials and Methods: Analyzed data included diagnosis, age at fi rst presentation, symptoms at fi rst presentation, laterality of the disease, sex, presence of consanguinity, family history of congenital glaucoma, maturity of the fetus at delivery, and maternal age at conception. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0 by IBM (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA) was used to compare the mean of continuous variables with Student’s t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) and χ2 test was used to test diff erences in proportions of categorical variables.Results: The data of 600 eyes of 311 patients were analyzed. The distribution of primary and secondary congenital glaucoma among the patients were 63.3% (n = 197) and 36.7% (n = 114), respectively. Of the 311 patients, 57.2% (n = 178) were male and 42.8% (n = 133) were female. The overall frequency of bilateral disease was 92.3% (n = 287). Overall rate of consanguinity and positive family history was 45.3% (n = 141) and 21.2% (n = 66), respectively. Conclusions: Bilateral disease in this study was more common than previously reported studies. Positive family history was more frequent in primary congenital glaucoma although not statistically signifi cant.