RESUMEN
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia [BPH] is a common disease in elderly people. Different treatment options i.e medical and surgical are available. Transvesical prostatectomy is commonly employed for BPH in our set up. The procedure is analysed and discussed in this prospective study. The objectives include the evaluation of the results of trans-vesical prostatectomy regarding short and long term complications, ways to bring down complications, manageability within the available resources and compare the out come with the reported literature about the treatment of BPH. The study was carried out at the District Head Quarter Teaching Hospital D. I. Khan from January 2000 to December 2002 i.e for a period of three years. A total of 209 cases of enlarged prostate were evaluated. Preoperative assessment of the patients for prostate size, status of urinary tract was done on admission, and bladder wash with normal saline carried out for 12-14 hours. Postoperative complications were recorded and compiled. Patients were discharged after removing catheter on 6th postoperative day and being able to pass urine. Patients were followed for 6 months to one year. Majority of patients presented between 50 and 90 years. Mean age was 63.43 years. Over all complications were 42%. Preoperative catheterization caused infection which played a major role in postoperative morbidity. Perioperative antibiotics and bladder instillation with povidone-iodine reduced infection. Transuretheral resection of prostate [TURP] is gold standard for BPH, however transvesical prostatectomy still has a place in modern urology and must be taught to trainees
RESUMEN
Background: Hepatic cirrhosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is generally considered irreversible and premalignant condition. However reversibility of the disease has been demonstrated in some cases after removal of the cause. There are various causes leading to cirrhosis but viral cause is the most common cause worldwide. In developing countries its prevalence i$ more where poor knowledge about viral infections is the main cause of spread. Mode of spread and sequel of Hepatitis B Virus [HBV] and Hepatitis C Virus [HCV] are almost similar. The present study was designed to know the relative frequency of both viruses in patients with cirrhosis
Method: This study was conducted in the Medical unit of District Teaching Hospital of Dera Ismail Khan, from the first of May to 30[th] November 2002. Cirrhotic patients were admitted to Medical ward and necessary investigations were done on blood specimen for HBV and HCV. Immunoassay chromatographic technique one-step device [ACON Laboratories, USA] was applied for its viral screening. At the end 60 cirrhotic patients were analyzed for findings and comparison with other studies
Results: Out of 60 patients, 28 [46.67%] were found infected with HBV, 8[13.33%] with HCV, 24 [40%] with no markers of either two viruses. One case [0.16%] was found positive for both viruses
Conclusion: Cirrhosis liver due to HBV is more common than HCV in this region. Males are affected more than females