[Epidemiological features of needle stick injuries among nursing staff]

Injury with contaminated sharp devices like used needles is the great potential risk factor in nursing staff. Severity of infectious complications of these injuries demonstrated the value of prophylactic activities. To evaluate epidemiologic features of needle stick injuries and coverage of Hepatitis B vaccine among nursing staff in Bualisina hospital in Qazvin from March 2007 to March 2008. In this cross sectional descriptive study, data of needle stick injuries if staff was gathered by direct interview. For statistical analysis were used t student, chi square and Fisher exact test. P value above 0.05 was considered statistically significant. In this period among 172 nurses, 55 subjects experienced needle stick injuries [32%]. There was no statiscally relationship between needle stick injuries with educational level, gender, and related training courses; but there was a statiscally relationship between the injuries and the number of continous shifts. Reporting the injury to the hospital supervisors was statiscally significant in nurses who had university education. According to undesirable complications of needle stick injuries, it is considered to organize educational programs in order to decreasing continues shifts in nursing staff and emphasis major priority of prevention methods

Leprosy elimination campaign in Qazvin province, Islamic Republic of Iran [2006-07]

Multi-drug therapy [MDT] and Leprosy Elimination Campaigns [LEC] are the major strategies for eliminating leprosy. We report the results of a LEC conducted in 2006 in Qazvin. A total of 1987 individuals [1379 household contacts of 319 registered leprosy patients and 608 people from 3 endemic villages with a high prevalence of leprosy] were examined for detection of new cases of leprosy. All new cases were given MDT and were reviewed after a year. There were 256 suspected cases of leprosy, 13 of whom were confirmed as new cases [7 were classified as multibacillary leprosy]. None had visible deformity nor was < 20 years old. All patients completed the recommended MDT course. The few cases detected suggest that in low prevalence areas, a long-term approach of integrated leprosy services and disability management may be more appropriate than LEC as a leprosy elimination strategy

[Determine the prevalence of tuberculose infection in diabetic patients in Qazvin]

Introduction: In Different Studies, diabetes is one of the most important Causes of reactivation of latent tuberculosis

Objective: Determine the prevalence of tuberculosis infection in diabetic patients in Qazvin

Materials and Methods: This study was performed as per census in the clinic of diabetes of Boo Ali educational hospital from Mar 2004 to Feb 2006. PPD test was asseced all patients and if the irresult was Negative, allergy skin test was used with diluted Tetanous-Diphteria Toxoid antigen, for evaluation of CMI [cell-Mediated Immunity]. If the result was positive and there was no clinical and radiographic abnormality, patients were reffered for chemoprophylaxis. In patients with clinical or radiographic signs of tuberculosis was performed sputom smear and active cases, and then were reffered for treatment

Results: PPD test was performed for 571 diabetic patients. The Results was: 415 [72.2%] 0 to 5mm, 88 [15/5%] 5- 10mm, 47[83%] 10-15mm and 43 [4%] >15mm .Alergy rate calculated as 27, 6 %. Four smear positive polmunary tuberculosis cases were detected [active case finding]. In all detected cases were seen abnormal findings in apical regions and in 3 out of 4 cases cavitary were seen in radiologyic report

Conclusion: In this study 12.3% of patients had more than 10mm induration in PPD skin test. Rate of alergy was comparable in diabetic patients to general population. Detection of 4 active cases of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis implicates the high prevalence of tuberculosis in diabetic patients in comparison with general papulation