RESUMEN
Background and Aim: Adverse drug reactions [ADR] impose costs on the health care system and affect public health. Identification, assessment and prevention of adverse drug reactions are effective fectors which can influence social health indices
Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 133 outpatient and inpatient reports of adverse drug reactions were investigated in Kurdistan Province hospitals between 2013 and 2014. The data included demographic characteristics, type, form, route of administration, type of drug side effects and final outcome. Data were analyzed by chi-square multi response test. P<0.05 was considered significant
Results: Our results showed that the most common complications were dermatologic and respiratory reactions due to injectable forms of the drugs and antibiotics were the most common drugs which caused adverse drug reactions
The frequency of adverse drug reactions was higher in the women and these reactions were more common between 40 and 50 years of age. Most cases of adverse drug reactions were reported from Sanandaj and Saqez Cites
Conclusion: It seems that training programs about ADRs for healthcare workers and avoidance of unnecessary injections can lead to decreased incidence of ADRs
RESUMEN
Diarrhea is still one of the leading causes of death among children. The descriptive study was conducted to evaluate epidemiologic and clinical factors in diarrheal children under five living in Tehran from April 2005 for one year. Totally 617 subjects including 551 [89%] children with acute diarrhea and 66 [11%] with chronic diarrhea were enrolled in the study. Watery elimination was the most common manifestation of diarrhea [62.5% of subjects]. The highest frequency of watery and bloody diarrhea was detected in autumn and of mucoid diarrhea in winter. Nausea, vomiting and fever were significantly higher at watery form of diarrhea [P= 0.0001, P=0.0001, and P= 0.03 respectively] but there was no correlation between these symptoms and mucoid or bloody form of diarrhea. Significant increase of anorexia was detected during the autumn, mainly at the ages of 5, 1.5 and 2 respectively [P=0.001]. Fever and dehydration were significantly higher in those with more severe diarrhea over 1 day [P= 0.03 and P= 0.0001 respectively]. Although many new findings about clinical characteristics of community-acquired diarrhea among young children in Tehran were revealed, our lack of understanding regarding the etiology of most episodes in this common pediatric disease was evident. Further studies to assess other environmental determinants, feeding patterns, immunization status of children and gastrointestinal pathogens in pediatric diarrhea are also recommended