RESUMEN
Background: The genus Fasciola parasite causes fascioliasis infection. Fascioliasis is widespread all around the world and it is finding in abundance in the northern provinces of Iran. Cattle and sheep are the main hosts of the Fasciola parasite and intermediate hosts are lymnaeid snails such as Galba and Fossaria. Two main species of this genus are F. hepatica and F. gigantica. One of the most important methods of diagnosing this worm is morphological method. The aim of this study is to identify Fasciola through the morphological method in Golestan province
Materials and Methods: Fasciola worms taken from infected livestock livers were washed three times with PBS and were stained with carmine alum. After staining using Valero and Periago methods, the worms were measured morphologically by calibrated microscope, stereomicroscope, and True Chrome II camera. SPSS version 19 was used for analysis of the data
Results: A total of 45 livers from infected sheep and cattle with Fasciola worms were taken out of 228 samples, including 84 Fasciola hepatica [36.18%], 117 Fasciola gigantica [51.31%] and 27 Fasciola sp.[11.84%]
Conclusion: This study showed that the two main species of worms that is F.hepatica and F. gigantica were found in abundance in Golestan province. The current study was unable to identify 11.84% genus Fasciola showed as Fasciola sp
Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Ovinos , Fasciola hepatica , FascioliasisRESUMEN
Influenza virus is the major cause of lower respiratory tract illnesses on the worldwide. Vaccination can be an effective tool to prevent its outbreak. Highly conserved viral nucleoprotein is an effective vaccine candidate to provide heterosubtypic immunity, offering resistance against various influenza virus strains. In present research NP gene was inserted in pET-22b expression vector. New construct [pET-22b/NP] was transformed into E. coli BL21 [DE3] strain and the expression of nucleoprotein was induced by IPTG. It was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and confirmed by Western blotting. Western blotting confirmed the expression and production of recombinant Influenza nucleoprotein. These results suggest that the codon-optimized influenza A virus NP gene can be efficiently expressed in E. coli
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Streptokinase is a bacterial protein produced by different beta hemolytic streptococci and widely used in thrombolytic treatment. The main disadvantage of using Streptokinase is antibody formation which causes allergic reaction to neutralize effects of Streptokinase therapy. Aim of this study was investigate of recombinant mutant Streptokinase fibrinolytic activity. In this study recombinant mutant Streptokinase without 42 amino acids from the C terminal region was purified by affinity S-Tag column chromatography and its fibrinolytic activity was studied. The concentration of expressed and purified protein was 10 mg/ml. Its enzyme activity was assayed using zymography, radial caseinolytic activity and fibrin plate test methods and estimated quantitatively by casein digestion method compared to a commercial form. It was found that this product had the more volume and more enzymatic activity
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Streptococcosis is one of the bacterial infections in fish, especially rainbow trout which infects brain and nervous systems offish and is caused by S. iniae. Estimation of the impact of disease prevalence by S. iniae in fish fanning in some countries is reported about 100 million dollars per year. Some of the most effective proteins in pathogenicity of these bacteria are SimA and CpsD. In order to design new and effective vaccine, in this study cloning of two genes of Streptococcus was performed into pNZ8148 vector and expressed in Escherichia coli. simA and cpsD genes were subcloned into pNZ8148 vector. Obtained constructs were transformed to expressing E. coli BL21 strain. After induction with nisin, SDS PAGE electrophoresis and Western blotting were used to confirm the procedures. Using PCR with specific and universal primers, the accuracy of cloning was confirmed. Final verification of expressed protein was carried out by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. With regard to the obtained results, it seems that the generated gene construct in this study can be used as a vaccine against Streptococcosis in future researches
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We sought to answer the questions about the role of inflammatory factors in the formation of pathological lesions in the endothelium of the coronary vessels and also the role of host-based bacteria, including chronic periodontitis, in the clot formation in the blood vessels, all of which destabilize the atherosclerotic plaque. This case-control study was done on 40 patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery [CABG] with the need of coronary endarterectomy. In Group A, patients had chronic periodontitis and group B consisted of patients without it. Both groups were well matched regarding their demographic data. The subgingival plaque was collected by a sterile curette from periodontal pockets >/= 5mm and CAL >/= 4mm. Also, atherosclerotic plaque was collected during the coronary endarterectomy surgery from all of the 40 patients. The specimens were assessed using the PCR technique to detect the specific bacteria responsible for chronic periodontitis such as actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans [Aa], prevotella intermedia [Pi], porphyromonas gingivalis [Pg], Tanerella forsythensis [Tf], Treponema denticola [Td], and fusobacterium nucleatum [Fn]. In the atherosclerotic plaque of group A patients, Aa was identified in 18 [90%], Pg in 16 [80%], Tf in 13[65%],Td in 11 [55%], Pi in 10 [50%], and Fn in 6 [30%] specimens, whereas in group B the incidence was significantly lower [p< 0.0001]. In the subgingival plaque of group A, Aa and Tf were found in all 20 individuals and Pg, Pi, Td and Fn were identified in 19 specimens [95%]. The differences in the incidence of Aa and Pg in two plaque samples were not significant, but the two plaque samples showed significant differences regarding the incidence of the other pathogens [Pi: p<0.001, Tf: p<0.008, Td: p<0.003 and Fn :p<0.0001]. In the present study, the same organisms were found in both coronary atherosclerotic and subgingival plaques. The findings support the potential role of the periodontopathogenic bacteria species in some steps of the atherosclerotic process as a contributor that worsens this disease. However, further studies are required to achieve more definite results regarding the role of periodontal diseases in the atherosclerotic disease, focusing on patients' background variables
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Cardiovascular disease [CAD] is the leading cause of death in developed countries. The cause is multifactorial. A substantial proportion of patients with CAD do not have traditional risk factors. Infectious diseases may play a role in these cases, or they may intensify the effect of the risk factors. The association of CAD and Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is firmly established, but causality is yet to be proven. We investigated their presence in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. One-hundred two atherosclerotic plaques in dead patients were studied. The highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction method was employed with primers specific for this agent. PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene and a nested PCR targeting the ompA gene were performed to detect C pneumoniae DNA. The presence of Chlamydia DNA was detected in 22 [23.3%] samples. The following risk factors were found among these 23 C. pneumoniae-infected cases: low HDL in 8 [34.8%], hypertension in 5 [21.7%], diabetes mellitus in 4 [17.4%], smoking in 11 [47.8%] and family history of cardiovascular disease in 6 [26.1%]. The presence of Chlamydia DNA supports the hypothesis that this agent is associated with atherosclerosis