RESUMEN
Methods: Rat myocardial cell line (H9C2) was divided into four groups: normal control group (DMEM medium was used), NaHS group (NaHS at concentration of 2×10–4mol/L was used), TGF-β group (TGF-β1 at a final concentration of 10ng/ml was added) and TGF-β+NaHS group (cultured with 2×10–4mol/L NaHS for 30min, and then 10ng/ml TGF-β1 was added). After cultivation for 1h, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 expressions in cardiomyocytes were assessed with Western blotting. After cultivation for 72h, collagen type expression was determined by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy.
RESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To improve the diagnosis and treatment of paratesticular embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (PER).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively studied the clinical data of 5 cases of PER treated from 1997 to 2009 and reviewed the relevant literature, focusing on its clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 5 cases of PER, 2 involving the spermatic cord, 2 the testis and 1 the tunica vaginalis, were all treated by radical orchiectomy. Pathologically, 2 cases were classified as stage I, 1 as stage II and 2 as stage IV. Postoperatively, 2 of the patients received chemotherapy and the other 3 refused adjunctive therapy. The patients were followed up for 6, 12, 18 and 28 months, respectively. Four of them remained free from relapse and metastasis, and 1 stage IV patient died of multiple metastasis at 6 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early diagnosis, radical orchiectomy and adjunctive chemo- or radio-therapy are effective means to the treatment of PER.</p>