Research progress in lung parenchyma segmentation based on computed tomography / 生物医学工程学杂志

Lung diseases such as lung cancer and COVID-19 seriously endanger human health and life safety, so early screening and diagnosis are particularly important. computed tomography (CT) technology is one of the important ways to screen lung diseases, among which lung parenchyma segmentation based on CT images is the key step in screening lung diseases, and high-quality lung parenchyma segmentation can effectively improve the level of early diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases. Automatic, fast and accurate segmentation of lung parenchyma based on CT images can effectively compensate for the shortcomings of low efficiency and strong subjectivity of manual segmentation, and has become one of the research hotspots in this field. In this paper, the research progress in lung parenchyma segmentation is reviewed based on the related literatures published at domestic and abroad in recent years. The traditional machine learning methods and deep learning methods are compared and analyzed, and the research progress of improving the network structure of deep learning model is emphatically introduced. Some unsolved problems in lung parenchyma segmentation were discussed, and the development prospect was prospected, providing reference for researchers in related fields.

Diagnostic value of serum miRNA-145, miRNA-21 and miRNA-197 for non-small cell lung cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of serum miRNA-145 (miR-145), miRNA-21 (miR-21) and miRNA-197 (miR-197) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:The clinical data of 65 NSCLC patients in Luzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Sichuan Province from January 2019 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and 60 healthy physical examiners were selected as the healthy control group. The relative expressions of serum miR-145, miR-21 and miR-197 in all subjects were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and their relationship with clinicopathological features of NSCLC patients was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the efficacy of miR-145, miR-21 and miR-197 alone and in combination in the diagnosis of NSCLC.Results:The relative expression of miR-145 in the NSCLC group was lower than that in the healthy control group (1.05±0.40 vs. 1.38±0.44, t = -4.326, P < 0.01), and the relative expressions of miR-21 and miR-197 were higher than those in the control group (2.37±0.89 vs. 0.83±0.25, 4.42±0.75 vs. 1.10±0.33, both P < 0.01). In the NSCLC group, the relative expressions of miR-21 and miR-197 in patients with TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ were higher than those in patients with TNM stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ (both P < 0.01), and the relative expression of miR-145 in patients with adenocarcinoma was higher than that in patients with squamous cell carcinoma ( P < 0.01), and the relative expression of miR-21 in patients with lymph node metastasis was higher than that in patients without lymph node metastasis ( P < 0.01). When miR-145, miR-21 and miR-197 were used alone to diagnose NSCLC, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.842 (95% CI 0.795-0.907), 0.868 (95% CI 0.812-0.938) and 0.857 (95% CI 0.801-0.913), and the best diagnostic cut-off values ??were 1.14, 2.03 and 2.98. When the best cut-off value was used for diagnosis, miR-145 alone was the most sensitive (83.76%), and miR-21 alone was the most specific (87.63%). The AUC for the combined detection of the three was 0.939 (95% CI 0.904-0.965), the diagnostic sensitivity was 91.58%, and the specificity was 79.86%. Conclusions:The relative expressions of miR-145, miR-21 and miR-197 are related to the pathological type, TNM staging and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC patients, and they may become markers for the auxiliary diagnosis of NSCLC. The combined detection of the three can improve the diagnostic efficiency and sensitivity.

Current Status and Prospects of Non-Invasive Central Arterial Pressure Measurement / 医用生物力学

Cardiovascular disease is one of the important factors that threaten the health of residents, ranking the first among various causes of death, so the monitoring and diagnosis of human cardiovascular health is particularly important. Compared with traditional brachial artery pressure, central arterial pressure (CAP) has a higher correlation with the occurrence of many cardiovascular events. The measurement of CAP can more accurately reflect the real situation of human blood pressure, and provide an important basis for diagnosis and disease prevention. Therefore, the realization of high-precision, high-generalization ability and low-cost non-invasive measurement of CAP has always been the research focus in this field. This article combines the relevant literature in China and abroad to summarize the current status of CPA measurement, introduces related research progress from two aspects, namely parameter measurement and waveform measurement, and discusses the characteristics of the existing methods and the future development.