Clinical features of mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical features of mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 8 children with MERS were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean age of onset was 5 years and 2 months (range 10 months to 12 years). The major clinical features included a history of prodromal infection, and among these children, 5 had pyrexia and 4 had vomiting. Of all the children, 6 were manifested as convulsion and 3 each were manifested as disturbance of consciousness and paroxysmal paropsia. Cranial diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed high signals in the splenium of the corpus callosum. Among these children, one child had symmetric and multiple long T1 and long T2 signals in the bilateral centrum semiovale and part of the temporal white matter. MRI reexamination performed after 5-30 days showed the disappearance of abnormal signals in all the children. The children were followed up for 3 months to 2 years, and no child experienced abnormal neurodevelopment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The development of MERS in children is closely associated with infection. MERS is characterized by high signals in the splenium of the corpus callosum on cranial diffusion-weighted MRI. Most children have good prognosis.</p>

Correlation factors of electrical status epilepticus during sleep in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The pathogenesis of electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) in children remains unknown. We undertook a retrospective study of epileptic children who presented with ESES to investigate the correlation factors of ESES.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty epileptic children with ESES (ESES group) and 30 age-and sex-matched epileptic children without ESES (control group) admitted to Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Tangshan between January 2000 and July 2006 were enrolled. The results of questionnaire and laboratory examinations were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nine patients had a family history of epilepsy in the ESES group, but only 2 patients in the control group (<0.05). Language disorder was found in 11 patients in the ESES group, but only 2 patients in the control group (<0.05). Thirteen patients were confirmed with epileptic syndrome in the ESES group, but only 5 patients in the control group (<0.05). Twenty five patients in the ESES group showed mental retardation, but only 5 patients from the control group (<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ESES may be correlated with family history of epilepsy, epileptic syndrome, mental retardation and language disorder.</p>

Investigation on job stress of pediatricians and nurses working in pediatric department / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the occupational stressors and modifiers of pediatricians and nurses in order to find the measurements for control of the job stress.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>427 pediatricians and nurses working in five hospitals of a city served as subjects. Of them, the staff in section of pharmacy and toll offices in each hospital mentioned above served as control group. The General Job Stress Questionnaire was used to investigate the job stress by self-assessment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The scores of job demand, job risk, drug using, daily job stress, positive feelings, patient A behavior, physical environment and feeling balance in pediatricians and nurses were higher than those of control group, but the scores of job-person conflict, environmental control, technology utility, mental health, responsibility on things were lower than those of control group (P<0.05). The points of job future, job locus of control, self-esteem, job satisfaction, job load variance, depression in nurses were higher than those of pediatricians, and non-work activities, job risk and daily life stress were lower than those of doctors (P<0.05). The main affecting factors on job strain of pediatric staff included job monotony, higher job demand, more non-work job, lower job control, more job risk, job future ambiguous, poorer social support, lower job locus control and lower self-esteem.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The stress degree of pediatric staff is higher than that of controls. The pediatricians have more job stress than that of nurses. The main stressors of pediatric staff are job monotony, higher job demand, more non-worker activity, lower job control, higher job risk and ambiguous job future. The main modifiers are good social support, external job locus of control and higher self-esteem.</p>

Study Progress on Relationship between Intractable Epilepsy and Multidrug Transporter / 实用儿科临床杂志

Epilepsy is a common nervous system seizure disease in children,20%-30% of them is intractable epilepsy.The pathogenesis of intractable epilepsy in children is not yet identify.Some research think that this may be associated with resistance of a variety of diffe-rent mechanisms of antiepileptic drug and abnormalities of multidrug resistance gene expression.The most investigation of multidrug transpor-ter is P-glycoprotein,multidrug resistance-associated protein.They are present in cell membrane and belong to adenosine triphosphate-dependent membrane transport protein.Studies have showed that over-expression of multidrug transporter in temporal lobe brain tissue of patients with refractory epilepsy and animal model of chronic epilepsy reduce the concentration of therapeutic drug in cells.They result in resis-tance by releasing the energy and transferring large amounts of anti-epileptic drugs to exterior of brain capillary endothelial cells in way of active transport.The relationship between multidrug transporter′s structure,distribution,functions and drug-resistant epilepsy are reviewed.