Ineffectiveness of Skin Tests in Predicting Allergic Reactions Induced by Chinese Herbal Injections / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate whether skin tests are suitable to predict the allergy reactions induced by Chinese herbal injections (CHIs).@*METHODS@#The skin tests including skin prick tests (SPT), intradermal tests (IDT) and provocation tests including subcutaneous tests and intravenous tests were administered to 249 healthy subjects and 180 allergic patients for 3 CHIs, including ginkgolide injection, diterpene ginkgolide meglumine injection and Salvianolate lyophilized injection. The results of the provocation tests were used as the "gold standard" to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the skin tests.@*RESULTS@#The results did not show any significant differences between the healthy and allergy groups in both skin tests and provocation tests (P>0.05). The specificities of SPT and IDT were 0.976 and 0.797, respectively, and the sensitivities of both SPT and IDT were 0.@*CONCLUSION@#Skin tests are insufficient to predict the likelihood of allergic reactions resulting from CHIs. (ChiCTR-CPC-15006921).

Mechanism of Huanglian Ejiao Tang on Prevention and Treatment of Myocardial Injury Induced by Anthracycline Chemotherapy Drugs / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To observe the preventive and therapeutic effect of Huanglian Ejiao Tang on myocardial injury induced by anthracycline chemotherapeutic drugs in all kinds of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Method:We chosen all kinds of cancer patients with combined use of anthracycline chemotherapy drugs in our hospital, 21 days as one cycle. The cardiac toxicity reaction was observed after three continuous chemotherapy cycles. A total of 64 patients who met the dialectical criteria of "imbalance between heart-Yang and kidney-Yin" were randomly divided into treatment group (32 cases) and control group (32 cases). Patients in treatment group were treated with Chinese medicine Huanglian Ejiao Tang based on original chemotherapy regimen, adding and subtracting Chinese medical materials according to the symptoms. Patients in control group continued to maintain the original chemotherapy regimen, and both two groups of patients continued to receive 3 cycles of continuous chemotherapy. By comparing the cardiac function classification and cardiac function tolerance between the 3 cycles and 6 cycles of two groups of patients after chemotherapy; changes of echocardiography index, QTc interval, creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), Myoglobin (MYO), cardiac troponin I (cTNI)and nitrogenous terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-pro-BNP) concentration value were compared between two groups; and the concentrations of adrenaline (E), norepinephrine (NE) and angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) were observed and compared; meanwhile, the correlation analysis was carried out at the same time. Result:After 6 cycles of chemotherapy in Chinese medicine treatment group, degree of cardiac function classification and the 6 minute walking heart function tolerance were significantly better than those at the 3 cycles of chemotherapy (PPPPPConclusion:Huanglian Ejiao Tang can reduce the excitability of the symppthetic nervous system (SNS) and renin-angiotensin system(RAS) in human body and inhibit the release level of NE, E and AngⅡ by effect of "invigorating the kidney and clearing the heart". It has a certain preventive and treatment effect on the cardiac toxicity of patients with the cumulative use of anthracycline chemotherapy. To a certain extent, it can inhibit myocardial injury, improve cardiac function and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events.

Anti-depression effect of Yinao Jieyu Granules and its mechanism / 中成药

AIM To observe the effect of Yinao Jieyu Granules (Curcumae Radix,Schisandrae chinensis Fructus,Gardeniae Fructus,etc.) on rats depression induced by olfactory bulbectomy (OB).METHODS The model rats randomly divided into model group,Fluoxetine Hydrochloride Capsules group,Yinao Jieyu Granules groups (7.29,3.65 and 1.82 g crude drug/kg) went on with their corresponding intragastric administration once per day (the same volume of purified water for the model group) for 2 weeks.The weight,food intake,liquid consumption,open field test,killing test,light/dark transition test and step-down test were checked every week before and after the administration.The blood sample and brain tissue were procured within 2 hours after the final administration.The serum CRH,ACTH and CORT concentration and the content of hippocampal monoamine neurotransmitters 5-HT,DA and NE were tested by ELISA method.RESULTS Compared with the model group,rats of Yinao Jieyu Granules groups (7.29-3.65 g crude drug/kg) displayed a better sucrose consumption improvement (P ＜ 0.05);more content increase of hippocampal tissue 5-HT (P ＜ 0.05);longer duration time in the dark and on the platform before the error making (P ＜ 0.05);less horizontal and vertical movement,and more significant content decrease of the serum CRH (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION Yinao Jieyu Granules can relieve the depression behaviors of OB animals,and the mechanism may associate with its efficacy on 5-HT and CRH modulation.

Expert consensus on the design and implementation of clinical safety centralized monitoring study of Chinese medical injection / 中国中药杂志

Along with the increase of clinical application, the safety of traditional Chinese medicine gained more and more attentions. In particular, the safety evaluation of Chinese medical injections has become a mandatory task should be completed by pharmaceutical companies under the supervision of China Food and Drug Administration(CFDA). Due to the weak foundation of previous studies, the safety issues of Chinese medical injections have not been fully understood, and lack of scientific and rational risk management programs. Clinical safety centralized monitoring(CSCM) is an important method for post-market safety evaluation of Chinese medicine. Due to the lack of appropriate norms and procedures, the quality of similar research is uneven, and the results vary. Combined with practical experience with experts' suggestions, we developed this expert consensus on the design and implementation of CSCM from three stages (design, implementation and report) with 20 technical points, which will provide technical support for future CSCM studies.

Dose-effect relationship of DMSO and Tween 80 influencing the growth and viability of murine bone marrow-derived cells in vitro / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purpose to examine the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and Tween 80 on the growth and viability of stromal cells (BMSC), colony-forming units for granulocytes and macrophages (CFU-GM) and bone marrow endothelial cell line (BMEC) from murine bone marrow in vitro, and to analyze the concentration-effect relationship. The colony yields of colony-forming units fibroblastic (CFU-F) and CFU-GM were assessed in the murine bone marrow cell cultures at various concentrations of DMSO or Tween 80 and in the control groups. The MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion were used to determine the cell viability and percentage of survival in BMSC and BMEC cultures with or without either of these organic solvents. The results showed that the colony yields of both CFU-F and CFU-GM were decreased significantly (p<0.05 or <0.01) at the concentrations (v/v final) of 2% DMSO or 0.005%-0.01% Tween 80 respectively, as compared with control. The cell viability and percentage of survival of BMSC and BMEC cultures were significantly reduced (p<0.05 or <0.01) at 0.5%-1.0% DMSO or 0.002%-0.005% Tween 80, as compared with control. With the increase of volume fractions of these solvents, the decreased percentages of corresponding measurements were increased by degrees. It is concluded that when the concentration of DMSO or Tween 80 goes to a certain level in cell culture medium, either of the organic solvents has an inhibitory action or/and cytotoxicity on the growth and viability of BMSCs, CFU-GM and BMECs. The growth inhibition and cytotoxic response are more significant at higher concentrations of these solvents.

Long-term subculture and biological characterization of the murine bone marrow endothelial cell line / 中国实验血液学杂志

The murine bone marrow endothelial cell line (mBMEC) has been maintained by means of subculture and cryopreservation for over 10 years since it was established in our laboratory. This study was aimed to newly identify biological characteristics of this cell line for further study. The cultured mBMEC cells were observed by inverted microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). PECAM-1 (CD31) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were detected by immunofluorescent staining. The phagocytotic activity of the cells in culture was tested by using fluorescent acetylated low-density lipoprotein (Dil-Ac-LDL). The cell growth kinetics analysis and karyotype analysis were performed. The results showed that the adherent cells were mostly elliptical, rounded and spindle-shaped, and some of them connected to each other to form cord- and network-like arrangements in mBMEC cultures at subconfluence. The adherent cells grew up to confluence as a cobblestone-like monolayer. Several ultrastructural features of the endothelial cells could be observed in TEM sections of the cultured cells. More than 94% of mBMEC cells were positive for either CD31 or vWF. The phagocytotic ingestion of Dil-Ac-LDL occurred in 98.5% of cells. In normal culture conditions, the cells grew with a mean population doubling time of 54.6 hours and the maximal mitotic index was 38 per thousand in the rapid growth period. The colony yields were 4.33% to 7.40% depending on the plating density of cells. Karyotypes of all the cells were aneuploidy with a greater percentage of hyperdiploid. It is concluded that mBMEC cells retain the fundamental properties of endothelial cells, but the growth kinetics and biological behaviors are slightly different from those in the early days after the establishment of this cell line.

Inhibitory effects of AcSDKP on proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro / 生理学报

The tetrapeptide N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP), a physiological regulator of cell proliferation, has been principally reported as a potent inhibitor of the proliferation of haematopoietic stem cells and progenitors. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the AcSDKP may directly affect the proliferative potential of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. We added AcSDKP to the cultures of human bone marrow mononuclear cells and measured the number and average area of MSC colonies. MTT colorimetric assay and mitotic index determination were further used to examine the proliferative state of the third passage MSCs in subcultures with or without the addition of AcSDKP. In addition, we evaluated whether AcSDKP may kill MSCs by the trypan blue dye exclusion test. The results showed that the colony forming capacity, the number of viable cells and the mitotic index were reduced in human bone marrow MSCs cultured in 1x10(-12) mol/L to 1x10(-9) mol/L AcSDKP. Maximum inhibitory activity appeared in 1x10(-11) mol/L of AcSDKP. No difference in percent of living cells was observed between the MSC subcultures with and without the addition of AcSDKP. As a result, AcSDKP within a certain range of concentrations has negatively regulatory effects on the proliferation of human bone marrow MSCs in vitro.