RESUMEN
Background: Quality of life and psychological well-being are readily hampered by depression. The changes that students face during college life impact their psychological health and well-being, including the emergence of mental health problems like depression Aim: To determine the relationship between depressive symptoms, sociodemographic parameters and psychological well-being in undergraduate university students. Material and Methods: Five hundred eighty university students of both sexes, from the Metropolitan and IX Regions of Chile answered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-IA) and the Ryff's psychological well-being scale. Results: Twenty eight percent of respondents had clinically significant depressive symptoms, and these were more frequent in women. There was an inverse and statistically significant relationship between psychological well-being and depressive symptoms. This fact was especially marked in dimensions of autonomy, positive relationships with others and purpose in life. Conclusions: There is a high frequency of depressive symptoms among these students. We discuss whether psychological well-being and depressive symptomatology represent two extremes within a continuum or they are two independent dimensions that can account for differential causal mechanisms linked to mental health and illness.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Estudiantes/psicología , Depresión/epidemiología , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Factores Socioeconómicos , Universidades/estadística & datos numéricos , Chile/epidemiología , Factores Sexuales , Estudios Transversales , Distribución por SexoRESUMEN
El dolor crónico es un síndrome presente en muchas enfermedades crónicas, se acompaña de fenómenos desensibilización central y frecuentemente de síntomas de angustia, depresión, alteraciones del sueño, fatiga, fallasen la concentración y atención, y en disminución de las actividades de la vida diaria. El tratamiento del dolor crónicodebiese ser multimodal, en donde la psicoterapia tiene un papel importante. La terapia cognitivo-conductual ha demostrado ser eficaz en el manejo del dolor, pero su efecto es limitado y no considera el trabajo en el foco corporal ni relacional sistémico familiar. El enfoque psicoterapéutico integrativo-multidimensional aborda elementos cognitivos, conductuales, relacionales, dinámicos y sistémicos en un contexto individual, familiar y social, permitiendo una visión holística del problema del paciente. Las intervenciones mente-cuerpo trabajan en el cambio de la vivencia corporal en el aquí y ahora, y entregan herramientas de autogestiónpara que el paciente desarrolle. Al unir ambos enfoques integrativo multidimensional e intervenciones mente-cuerpo, el tratamiento y manejo del dolor se hace más eficaz. El objetivo del presente trabajo es proponer, desde un punto de vista cualitativo, un modelo de enfoque psicoterapéutico integrativo multidimensional e intervención mente-cuerpo en el manejo de los pacientes con dolor crónico.
Chronic pain syndrome is present in many chronic diseases, in which the pain is accompanied by central sensitization phenomena and often symptoms of anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, fatigue, lapses in concentration and attention and reduced activity daily life. The treatment of chronic pain ought to be multimodal, where psychotherapy has an important role. Cognitive-behavioral therapy has proven effective in pain management, but its effect is limited and does not consider the work at home body or systemic relational focus. The multidimensional-integrative psychotherapy approach addresses cognitive, behavioral, relational, dynamic and systemic elements in an individual, family and social context, allowing a holistic view of the patients problem. The mind-body interventions work in change of body experience in the here and now provides tools for self-management for the patient develops. By joining both multidimensional integrative and interventions body-mind pain management it becomes more effective. The aim of this study is to propose a qualitatively multidimensional model of integrative psychotherapy approach and intervention mind and body in the chronic pain management.