Papel dos ácidos graxos ômega 3 naresolução dos processos inflamatórios / Omega 3 fatty acid and the resolution of inflammatory processes

A inflamação é uma resposta de defesa do organismo ao trauma ou a infecções por microorganismos. Na fase de término da inflamação e retorno à homeostase ocorrem mecanismos de regulação chamados de resolução onde há alternância de prostaglandinas pró-inflamatórias e leucotrienos a mediadores pró-resolução, produzidos a partir de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados ω3 (ácido eicosapentanóico e ácido docosapentanóico). A dieta interfere na composição de ácidos graxos das membranas celulares que serão metabolizados em compostos ativos chamados de resolvinas, protectinas e maresinas. Como as doenças inflamatórias têm papel importante na saúde pública o estudo destas substâncias e o delineamento de seus efeitos podem trazer novos horizontes no tratamento das doenças inflamatórias, com redução de custos e minimização de efeitos colaterais.

Inflammation is a defensive response to the trauma, infections or injury to the organism. When inflammation is ending occurs a program for active regulation called the resolution. This is accompanied by a class of lipid mediators where there is alternation of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and leukotrienes to proresolution mediators, produced from 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic and docosapentanoicacid). The diet interferes the fatty acid composition of cell membranes that will be metabolized to active compounds called resolvins, protectins and maresins. The inflammatory diseases have an important rolein public health, so the study of these substances and delineation of their effects can bring new horizons in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, reducing costs and minimizing side effects.

Genetic diversity analysis in the section Caulorrhizae (genus Arachis) using microsatellite markers

Diversity in 26 microsatellite loci from section Caulorrhizae germplasm was evaluated by using 33 accessions of A. pintoi Krapov. & W.C. Gregory and ten accessions of Arachis repens Handro. Twenty loci proved to be polymorphic and a total of 196 alleles were detected with an average of 9.8 alleles per locus. The variability found in those loci was greater than the variability found using morphological characters, seed storage proteins and RAPD markers previously used in this germplasm. The high potential of these markers to detect species-specific alleles and discriminate among accessions was demonstrated. The set of microsatellite primer pairs developed by our group for A. pintoi are useful molecular tools for evaluating Section Caulorrhizae germplasm, as well as that of species belonging to other Arachis sections.