RESUMEN
Nanotechnology, a field of science and engineering focused on manipulating matter at the nanoscale, has garnered significant attention for its transformative potential across various industries. At the nanometer level, materials exhibit unique properties and behaviors, making it possible to engineer novel solutions with precision and efficiency. Nanotechnology finds applications in diverse areas, from medicine and electronics to energy and environmental remediation. Its ability to create nanoscale structures, devices, and materials has led to groundbreaking innovations, such as drug delivery systems for targeted therapies, ultra-efficient solar cells, and advanced water purification technologies. However, the rapid development of nanotechnology also raises important ethical, safety, and regulatory considerations that require careful attention. As nanotechnology continues to advance, it promises to reshape industries, enhance scientific understanding, and address some of the world's most pressing challenges.
RESUMEN
The utilization of nanomaterials in agriculture has gained significant attention due to their potential to induce changes in plant physiology and genetics, thereby offering new avenues for enhancing crop improvement strategies. This paper delves into the intricate interplay between nanomaterials and plants, shedding light on their molecular mechanisms of uptake and interaction. It explores the physiological responses that ensue following nanomaterial exposure, unraveling the intricate network of signaling pathways and stress responses. Moreover, the paper delves into the alterations in genetic expression triggered by nanomaterials, providing insights into the underlying regulatory mechanisms. The influence of epigenetic factors and potential transgenerational effects further accentuates the complexity of these interactions.Underpinning this understanding, the paper discusses the prospects of harnessing nanomaterial-induced changes to enhance crop traits. It investigates how these changes can be employed to boost crop resilience, nutrient uptake, and stress tolerance. The integration of nanomaterial-induced alterations into breeding and genetic modification strategies offers a promising approach for developing improved crop varieties. Ultimately, this comprehensive exploration of nanomaterial-induced changes in plant physiology and genetics highlights their far-reaching implications for revolutionizing crop improvement strategies in the face of evolving agricultural challenges.