Ifosfamide-induced Fanconi syndrome with diabetes insipidus

Ifosfamide-induced Fanconi syndrome is a rare complication that typically occurs in young patients due to a cumulative dose of ifosfamide > 40-60 g/m2, a reduction in kidney mass, or concurrent cisplatin treatment. It is usually characterized by severe and fatal progression accompanied by type II proximal renal tubular dysfunction, as evidenced by glycosuria, proteinuria, electrolyte loss, and metabolic acidosis. Diabetes insipidus is also a rare complication of ifosfamide-induced renal disease. We herein describe a case involving a 61-year-old man who developed ifosfamide-induced Fanconi syndrome accompanied by diabetes insipidus only a few days after the first round of chemotherapy. He had no known risk factors. In addition, we briefly review the mechanisms and possible therapeutic options for this condition based on other cases in the literature. Patients who receive ifosfamide must be closely monitored for renal impairment to avoid this rare but fatal complication.

A Case of Occupational Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Associated with Trichloroethylene / 결핵및호흡기질환

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a toxic chemical commonly used as a degreasing agent, and it is usually found in a colorless or blue liquid form. TCE has a sweet, chloroform-like odor, and this volatile chlorinated organic chemical can cause toxic hepatitis, neurophysiological disorders, skin disorders, and hypersensitivity syndromes. However, the hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) attributed to TCE has rarely been reported. We hereby describe a case of HP associated with TCE in a 29-year-old man who was employed as a lead welder at a computer repair center. He was installing the capacitors on computer chip boards and had been wiped down with TCE. He was admitted to our hospital with complaints of dry coughs, night sweats, and weight losses for the past two months. HP due to TCE exposure was being suspected due to his occupational history, and the results of a video-associated thoracoscopic biopsy confirmed the suspicions. Symptoms have resolved after the steroid pulse therapy and his occupational change. TCE should be taken into consideration as a potential trigger of HP. Early recognition and avoidance of the TCE exposure in the future is important for the treatment of TCE induced HP.

A Case of IgG4 Associated Sclerosing Cholangitis without Clinical Manifestations of Autoimmune Pancreatitis / 대한소화기학회지

IgG4-related systemic diseases are characterized by a diffuse or mass forming inflammatory reaction rich in lymphocytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells (lymphoplasmacytic infiltration), fibrosclerosis of variable organs and obliterative phlebitis. They usually involve various organs including the pancreas, bile duct, gallbladder, salivary gland, retroperitoneum, kidney, lung, and prostate. However, most of them are accompanied by autoimmune pancreatitis, and good response to steroid treatment is one of the hallmarks of this disease. We report a case of an 67-year-old man with IgG4 associated sclerosing cholangitis, who was diagnosed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and successfully treated with steroid therapy.

An Unusual Cause of Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: Gastrocolic Fistula Caused by Colon Cancer Invasion / 영남의대학술지

Gastrocolic fistula is a fistulous communication between the stomach and the colon. It is a passage between the gastric epithelium and the colonic epithelium. This uncommon complication is caused by benign and malignant diseases of the stomach or the colon. Its clinical manifestations include weight loss, diarrhea and fecal vomiting; occasionally, anemia, poor oral intake, fatigue and dizziness; and very rarely, gastrointestinal bleeding. In this paper, an unusual case of gastrocolic fistula accompanied by hematochezia, which was revealed to have been caused by colon cancer invasion, is described.

A Case of Successful Treatment of Portal Venous Gas Caused by Acute Pancreatitis / 대한소화기학회지

Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) has been considered a rare entity associated with a poor prognosis. Portal vein gas is most commonly caused by mesenteric ischemia but may have a variety other causes. HPVG can be associated with ischemic bowel disease, inflammatory bowel disease, intra-abdominal abscess, small bowel obstruction, acute pancreatitis, and gastric ulcer. Because of high mortality rate, most HPVG requires emergent surgical interventions and intensive medical management. We experienced a case of hepatic portal venous gas caused by acute pancreatitis and successfully treated with medical management.

Extrinsic Indentation at Gastric Fundus by Splenic Lymphangioma / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Splenic lymphangioma is a very rare benign condition, and it is classified as one of the cystic proliferations of the spleen. This is considered to result from developmental malformation of the lymphatic system. Splenic lymphangioma is usually seen in children and it is often found incidentally. Herein, we report on an unusual case of splenic lymphangioma in an adult. A 66-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain. On esophagogastroduodenoscopy, the gastric fundus was externally compressed by an extrinsic mass. Computed tomography revealed multiple cystic masses in the spleen. Laparoscopic splenectomy was then performed. The histology revealed multiple splenic lymphangiomas. This case showed an unusual presentation of splenic lymphangioma as gastric extrinsic compression, and this should be examined by imaging studies.

Guillain-Barre Syndrome in a Patient with Chemotherapy for HIV Related Burkitt's Lymphoma / 감염과화학요법

Human immunodeficiency virus infection is not a common cause of Guillain-Barre syndrome. Guillain-Barre syndrome with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis has been associated with early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, occasionally as the presenting manifestation. We report a case of 73-year-old Korean malen with acute motor axonal variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome during chemotherapy for HIV- related Burkitt's lymphoma. This is the first report of Guillain-Barre syndrome occurringed within HIV infection in Korea.

A Case of IgA Nephropathy with a Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis-like Pattern Presenting as Massive Ascites in a Patient with Alcoholic Liver Disease / 대한신장학회지

IgA nephropathy can occur commonly in alcoholic liver cirrhosis and is the most common form of secondary IgA nephropathy. Defective clearance of IgA-containing complexes by liver is thought to contribute to the development of IgA nephropathy in alcoholic cirrhosis. Although IgA deposition is found up to 64% in autopsy cases of alcoholic cirrhosis, most patients have mild clinical symptoms, and nephrotic range proteinuria occurs rarely in these patients. We report a case of IgA nephropathy with a membranoproliferative pattern that is detected with unusual massive ascites in a patient with alcoholic liver disease. A 60-year-old male patient was referred to our hospital for evaluation and management of abdominal distension. Abdominal ultrasonographic findings were compatible with diffuse liver cirrhosis with splenomegaly and large amount of ascites. He had nephrotic range proteinuria, azotemia, hyperlipidemia, and hematuria in dipstick. Renal biopsy performed under the impression of acute nephritis revealed mesangial and endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis with double contour of capillary loop. Immunofluorescence findings showed mesangial IgA and C3 deposit, compatible with IgA nephropathy. He was treated with high dose steroid, and steroid was tapered during 2 months. Steroid treatment induced complete remission state, and ascites was resolved.