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1.
Artículo | IMSEAR | ID: sea-192100

RESUMEN

Forensic odontology necessarily involves the application of dentistry along with various other branches of sciences which deals with proper handling, examination, evaluation, and presentation of dental evidences, that aids to investigate a crime and deliver justice. Sex determination is a part of forensic odontology and an essential priority when traditional identification of the deceased becomes impossible. Aim: To determine Sex by analysis of the Amelogenin gene using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method on Deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) isolated from dental pulp, which was exposed to various environmental conditions created artificially to mimic a forensic scenario. Materials and Method: This in-vitro study was conducted by subjecting extracted teeth to various conditions imitating a forensic scene, viz. desiccation at room temperatures, immersion in salt water, burial in soil and even exposing to extremes of temperatures. DNA was extracted from dental pulp tissue and sex determination was achieved by amplification of the amelogenin gene through AMEL gene based primers in PCR. Result: Among all the samples used in this study, DNA could be extracted from all, except from those that were subjected to a temperature of 350 °C. DNA amplification and sex determination of the samples were found to be accurate when compared to sex of the individual which was recorded initially, during collection of teeth samples. Conclusion: This study shows teeth to be a potent source of DNA even in extreme environmental conditions, barring high temperatures and determination of sex by PCR amplification of AMEL markers to be quite reliable.

2.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-178100

RESUMEN

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) primarily spreads through direct invasion and/or lymphatic route. During the invasion, tumor cells break through the basement membrane, penetrate the connective tissue to interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM). An attempt was made to evaluate the connective tissue changes in different grades of OSCCs and their influence in predicting the biological behavior of these tumors. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 histologically proven cases comprising 5 normal mucosa, 10 well‑differentiated OSCC’s, 10 moderately differentiated OSCC’s, and 5 poorly differentiated OSCC’s were examined for the presence of any ECM changes by using special stains. Interpretation of staining intensity was carried out and statistically analyzed. Results: Van Gieson stain showed abundant thick collagen fibers, dispersed collagen fibers, thin few dispersed collagen fibers in well‑, moderately‑ and poorly‑differentiated OSCC’s, respectively. Verhoeff’s Van‑Gieson showed negative staining for elastic fibers around tumor islands in different grades of OSCCs. PAS stain showed moderate staining for glycoprotein in well‑differentiated OSCC and negative in moderately and poorly differentiated cases. Picrosirius red stain showed Type 1 collagen fibers in well and moderately differentiated OSCC cases and Type 3 collagen fibers in poorly differentiated cases. Conclusion: The observations of this study revealed altered staining reactions of the collagenous stroma and glycoproteins suggesting that tumor cells may release certain enzymes that play a role in the manipulation of ECM to enhance their own survival.

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