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1.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 2005 Dec; 103(12): 655-9
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-98220

RESUMEN

Community-based longitudinal study on stroke is rare in India. It has been predicted that the stroke incidence will be higher in developing countries than developed countries. Hence a five years prospective study was planned to carry out in the rural Bengal, India based on WHO protocol to determine the incidence rate, risk factors, morbidity and mortality profile of stroke. In a two-stage procedure, 20717 subjects out of 20842 people from a cluster of 12 villages was surveyed by house-to-house method and the screened cases were examined by a team of neurologists including post stroke surveillance for one year. Altogether 128 first ever stroke cases were detected over 5 years showing an average annual incidence rate of 123.57 per 100,000 persons [age adjusted incidence rate (AAIR)--262/100,000; based on USA population, 1990] and sex-specific AAIR (274/100,000) among women is slightly higher than men (253/100,000). Age-specific stroke incidence rate showed increasing rate from fourth decade up to seventh decade in both sexes when the rate was maximum. First 30 days mortality recorded was 18% with men suffering twice than women. Follow-up after one year revealed speech improvement in 47%, residual spasticity in 46% and independency in activities daily living in 62% of cases. Age and sex matched case control study has shown that hypertension (OR - 2.79), heart disease (OR - 6.20) and smoking (OR - 3.92) are significant risk factors.This study had indicated a higher age adjusted incidence rate of stroke in India as compared to that of developed country and hypertension, heart disease and smoking are important risk factors.


Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , India/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vigilancia de la Población/métodos , Estudios Prospectivos , Características de la Residencia , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Salud Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología
2.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 2002 May; 100(5): 322-6
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-103848

RESUMEN

There are about 20 epidemiological studies on epilepsy from different parts of India. They include both rural and urban studies. The prevalence rate stands at around 5/1000 population (at this rate present estimate of total epileptics in this country is about 5 million) and incidence rate varies from 38 to 49.3 per 100,000 population per year from two community-based studies in India. Case-control studies indicate that febrile seizures, family history of epilepsy and head trauma are significant risk factors. Type of seizure pattern showed maximum number of cases belonged to generalised seizures which is different from Western countries where partial seizure is the commonest variety. Treatment gap, which is a measure of per cent of patient populations not receiving the treatment, estimated to be up to 73.7% to 78% in India. Aetiology is unknown in about two-thirds of cases. Hot water epilepsy is unique in South India and single solitary ring enhancing lesion in brain imaging is a common feature in Indian subcontinent. Evaluation of prevalence study indicates that more case-control studies to find out the aetiology, pharmaco-economic study to find out the affordable drug for general public and mass health education should be undertaken to dispel the social stigma and to bring about change in the attitude about the disease.


Asunto(s)
Epilepsia/clasificación , Humanos , Incidencia , India/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Pronóstico
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