Rab25 augments cancer cell invasiveness through a β1 integrin/EGFR/VEGF-A/Snail signaling axis and expression of fascin

The small GTP-binding protein Rab25 is associated with tumor formation and progression. However, recent studies have shown discordant effects of Rab25 on cancer cell progression depending on cell lineage. In the present study, we elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which Rab25 induces cellular invasion. We demonstrate that Rab25 increases β1 integrin levels and subsequent activation of EGFR and upregulation of VEGF-A expression, leading to increased Snail expression, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer cell invasiveness. Strikingly, we identify that Snail mediates Rab25-induced cancer cell invasiveness through fascin expression and that ectopic expression of Rab25 aggravates metastasis of ovarian cancer cells to the lung. We thus demonstrate a novel role of a β1 integrin/EGFR/VEGF-A/Snail signaling cascade in Rab25-induced cancer cell aggressiveness through induction of fascin expression, thus providing novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for Rab25-expressing cancer cells.

Microdochectomy Assisted by Ultrasound-Guided Indigo Carmine Staining of Intraductal Lesions: A Case Report / 한국유방암학회지

Spontaneous bloody nipple discharge from a single duct is a significant clinical problem. When performing preoperative marking of the discharging duct, it is sometimes difficult to identify the duct owing to intermittent discharge. Precise preoperative marking of the discharging duct and intraductal lesions is very important to avoid unnecessary wide excision of breast tissue or failure to remove the cause of nipple discharge. We herein present a case of preoperative ultrasound-guided indigo carmine staining in a patient with no discharge on the day of surgery. When a dilated duct is visualized on ultrasound, the targeted duct can be localized using indigo carmine staining, and it is possible to perform a precise minimal volume microdochectomy.

Comparisons of Korean Adults 'Eating Habits,Food Preferences, and Nutrient Intake by Generation

This study compared eating habits, food preferences, and the nutrient intakes of university students and their parents. The subjects were 186 students (68 males and 118 females) and 143 parents (62 fathers and 81 mothers) in 2 middle-sized cities and 3 metropolises. Eating habits and food preferences were investigated by questionnaire, and nutrient intake by a self recoding for 24-hour. The university students ate out, and ate breads, fast foods, instant foods, and canned or frozen products more frequently than their parents. They had higher preferences for meats, but lower preferences for fish, beans and bean products, vegetables, and sea weeds than their parents. Students took in more energy, total fat, total cholesterol, and SFA (saturated fatty acids) than their parents. The energy ratio of carbohydrate to the total energy intake was lower in the students than in their parents, while the energy ratio of fat to the total energy intake was higher in the students than in their parents. The intake of fats by the students amounted to more than 25% of the total energy intake. In conclusion, the university students had developed a more Western eating pattern and food preference, and were exposed to more risk factors to health than their parents. They should therefore, learn how to manage their meals more carefully in order to reduce risk factors to health.

Effect of Sclerotherapy after Percutaneous Aspiration of the Simple Renal Cyst / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: Recently, percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy has become widely used as a treatment of the symptomatic, large, and simple renal cysts, due to its minimal invasiveness and high effectiveness. However, the reported recurrence rates of simple aspiration are high, in the range 30 to 70%. Therefore, the effect of percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy of simple renal cysts was analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of the treatment in 35 simple renal cysts, between June 1994 and July 2003, were evaluated. The symptoms associated with simple renal cysts were; none (40%), flank pain (31.4%), indigestion (17.1%), hematuria (8.6%) and a palpable mass (2.9%). The simple renal cysts were treated with percutaneous aspiration in only 7 cases (group I), single percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy, using 99% ethanol, in 18 (group II) and a repeated percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy, using 99% ethanol, in 10 (group III). All patient were followed up by ultrasound or CT scan for 12 to 80 months (mean 28.1 months). RESULTS: Complete and partial collapses and recurrences of the renal cysts occurred in 1 (14.2%), 3 (42.9%) and 3 (42.9%) in group I, 7 (39%), 10 (55.5%) and 1 (5.5%) in group II, and 6 (60%), 3 (30%) and 1 (10%) in group III. The overall efficacies were 92% in all 3 groups. Furthermore, all recurrences occurred within the first year of the follow up period in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: For a simple renal cyst, percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy, using 99% ethanol, either singly or repeatedly, appears to be effective in the prevention of re-accumulation of cystic fluid; it also proved to have a positive long term result in terms of a relapse of a simple renal cyst.

Hybrid Squamous-Verrucous Carcinoma of Penis / 대한비뇨기과학회지

We report a rare case of hybrid squamous-verrucous carcinoma of penis that grew extensively in the glans and prepuce of a 68-year-old man. He presented himself with penile discharge and pain upon voiding. The penile glans and prepuce were eroded and replaced by a large, fungating, cauliflower-like ulcerative mass. There was no inguinal or pelvic lymph node enlargement. Partial penectomy was done and histologically, the superficial spreading type, well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was seen with only minimal invasion of the background verrucous carcinoma with a pushing margin. There were no complications and recurrence of the tumor at 12 months after partial penectomy.

Hybrid Squamous-Verrucous Carcinoma of Penis / 대한비뇨기과학회지

We report a rare case of hybrid squamous-verrucous carcinoma of penis that grew extensively in the glans and prepuce of a 68-year-old man. He presented himself with penile discharge and pain upon voiding. The penile glans and prepuce were eroded and replaced by a large, fungating, cauliflower-like ulcerative mass. There was no inguinal or pelvic lymph node enlargement. Partial penectomy was done and histologically, the superficial spreading type, well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was seen with only minimal invasion of the background verrucous carcinoma with a pushing margin. There were no complications and recurrence of the tumor at 12 months after partial penectomy.