Topical Delivery of Modified Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction () Using Low-Frequency Ultrasound Sonophoresis for Refractory Metastatic Malignant Bowel Obstruction: An Open-Label Single-Arm Clinical Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical delivery of modified Da-Cheng- Qi Decoction (, MDCQD) by low-frequency ultrasound sonophoresis (LFUS) in patients with refractory metastatic malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) using an objective performance criteria (OPC) design.@*METHODS@#Fifty patients with refractory metastatic MBO were enrolled in this open-label single-arm clinical trial. Alongside fasting, gastrointestinal decompression, glycerol enema, intravenous nutrition and antisecretory therapy, a 50 g dose of MDCQD (prepared as a hydrogel) was applied through topical delivery at the site of abodminal pain or Tianshu (S 25) using LFUS for 30 min, twice daily for 5 consecutive days. The overall outcome was the remission of intestinal obstruction, and improvement on abdominal pain, abdominal distention, nausea and vomiting scores. Indicators of safety evaluation included liver and renal function as well as blood coagulation indicators.@*RESULTS@#Among 50 patients, 5 patients (10%) showed complete remission of intestinal obstruction and 21 patients (42%) showed improvement of intestinal obstruction. The overall remission rate of bowel obstruction was 52%. The results of the symptom score, based on the severity and frequency of the episode, are as follows: 26 patients (52%) showed improvment on symptom scores, 20 patients (40%) did not respond to treatment, and 4 patients (8%) discontinued treatment due to intolerance. No serious adverse effects or abnormal changes on liver and renal function or blood coagulation were observed.@*CONCLUSION@#Topical delivery of MDCQD at 100 g/day using LFUS can improve the treatment response in patients with refractory metastatic MBO.

Clinical features and prognostic factors in patients with leptomeningeal metastases / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of leptomeningeal metastases (LM) from solid tumors and to develop better treatment strategies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical characteristics and follow-up results of 77 cases of leptomeningeal metastases (LM) from solid tumors diagnosed and treated in our hospital from 2002 to 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristics, treatment methods and overall survival were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median survival time for all the patients was 88 days. KPS score, control of the primary tumor and systemic treatment were correlated with survival time for the patients (P < 0.05 for all). The median survival time of systemic treatment was 150 d and those without systemic treatment (chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy) after LM was 60 d (P = 0.001). Systemic therapy combined with local treatment (radiotherapy to the meninges or intrathecal chemotherapy) further improved the survival time of patients. Multivariate analysis showed that KPS and short-term therapeutic response for the LM were independent prognostic factors (P < 0.05 for both).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>KPS and short-term therapeutic response are independent prognostic factores for leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors. Systemic chemotherapy or targeted therapy can prolong the survival time. Systemic treatment (chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy) combined with radiation therapy or intrathecal injection may further improve the clinical outcomes.</p>

Apoptosis of the adriamycin-resistant leukemia cell line induced by the recombinant mutant human TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand combined with arsenic trioxide / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of recombinant mutant human TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (rmhTRAIL) combined with As(2)O(3) on inducing apoptosis of adriamycin-resistant leukemia cell line K562/A02 (mdr-1(+)). The morphologic changes of cells treated with rmhTRAIL were observed by inverted microscope, taking adriamycin-sensitive cell line K562 (mdr-1(-)) as control; the inhibitory rate of cell proliferation after being treated with rmhTRAIL, As(2)O(3) alone or combined was assayed by MTT method; the apoptosis peaks of K562/AO2 and K562 were quantitatively detected by flow cytometry with PI staining after being treated with rmhTRAIL, As(2)O(3) alone or in combination. The results indicated that the inhibition effect of rmhTRAIL and As(2)O(3) in combination on K562/AO2 and K562 cells was higher than that of riTRAIL and As(2)O(3) alone (p < 0.01), rmhTRAIL combined with As(2)O(3) had synergistic effect in killing K562/AO2 and K562 cells by king's formula. The apoptosis rates of K562/AO2 and K562 cells were 34.93 +/- 0.10% and 10.53 +/- 0.16% (p < 0.01), as well as 5.95 +/- 0.07%, and 3.50 +/- 0.01% (p < 0.05), 50.95 +/- 0.91% and 20.75 +/- 0.95% (p < 0.05) respectively when their cells were treated by rmhTRAIL and As(2)O(3) alone. The apoptosis rate in K562/AO2 group was higher than that in K562 group. It is concluded that rmhTRAIL can induce K562/A02 and K562 cell apoptosis; rmhTRAIL combined As(2)O(3) had synergistic effects; the efficacy of on rmhTRAIL or As(2)O(3) inducing K562/AO2 cell apoptosis is higher than that on their parental cell line K562.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and the factors affecting its prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 1994 to 2002, 138 patients with DLBCL were confirmed by morphological and immunohistochemical examination. Sex, age, clinical stage, performance status (PS), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), number of extranodal lesions, treatment response, cycles of chemotherapy, B symptom, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), 5-year survival rate and median survival time (mST) were included as the analysis indeces.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Lymph nodes were involved in 87.7% of the patients, and extranodal lesions were found in 60.1%. Five-year survival rate was 41.3% for the entire group. Age, stage, PS, serum LDH, number of extranodal lesions, international prognostic index (IPI) and remission rates were significantly correlated with overall survival (OS) and mST (P < 0.05), However, sex, chemotherapy cycles, B symptom, ESR were not related to OS and mST (P > 0.05). Age, stage, remission rates were identified as independent factors affecting the prognosis. Combination of surgery and chemotherapy was quite impressive in the prolongation of survival of patients with extranodal lesions and gastrointestinal lymphoma compared to those by chemotherapy alone.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Age, stage, PS, serum LDH, number of extranodal lesions, IPI, chemotherapy cycles and remission rates are significant factors affecting the prognosis in DLBCL patients. Age less than 40 years or >/= 65 years, Stage III-IV, partial remission or progressive disease are demonstrated as poor prognostic factors. Combined treatment is the strategy suggested for DLBCL patients with extranodal lesions.</p>