RESUMEN
Antler growth is a unique event compared to other growth and development processes in mammals. Antlers grow extremelyfast during the rapid growth stage when growth rate peaks at 2 cm per day. Antler growth is driven by a specificendochondral ossification process in the growth center that is in the distal region of the antler tip. In this study, we usedstate-of-art RNA-seq technology to analyze the expression profiles of mRNAs and miRNAs during antler growth. Ourresults indicated that the expression levels of multiple genes involved in chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification,including Fn1, Sox9, Col2a1, Acan, Col9a1, Col11a1, Hapln1, Wwp2, Fgfr3, Comp, Sp7 and Ihh, were significantlyincreased at the rapid growth stage. Our results also indicated that there were multiple differentially expressed miRNAsinteracting with differentially expressed genes with opposite expression patterns. Furthermore, some of the miRNAs,including miR-3072-5p, miR-1600, miR-34-5p, miR-6889-5p and miR-6729-5p, simultaneously interacted with andcontrolled multiple genes involved in the process of chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification. Therefore, we established a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network by identifying miRNAs and their target genes that were differentially expressedin the antler growth centers by comparing the rapid growth stage and the initial growth stage
RESUMEN
Objective:To investigate the effect of pilose antler polypeptide combined with Schwann cells modified by glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)gene on the proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)in vitro .Methods:According to the conventional method,the bone marrow (10 mL)was extracted from the healthy volunteers and was inoculated into the culture flask.The primary cultured cells were completely fused.The BMSCs were harvested at the 3rd generation and the cells were adjusted to 5 × 106 mL-1 . 4 μL GDNF gene modified Schwann cells was added into GDNF group,4 μL (10 mg· L-1 )PAP combined with GDNF gene modified Schwann cells was added into combination group,and only same amount of medium was added into control group.The proliferative activities,cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)levels and apoptotic rates of BMSCs in various groups were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA method and Annexin Ⅴ-FIFC/PI cell apoptosis detection kit,respectively.Results:After primary culture for 48 h,most of the cells adhered to the wall,and the morphology of the cells changed into polygonal shape and few of them showed spindle.The passaged cells showed spindle spindle,the cells were confirmed as BMSCs,and all of them were non-hematopoietic stem cells.Compared with control group,the proliferative activities and the PCNA level of the BMSCs in GDNF group and combination group were increased (P <0.05)and the apoptotic rates were decreased (P <0.05);compared with GDNF group,the proliferative activity and the PCNA level of the BMSCs in combination group were increased (P < 0.05 )and the apoptotic rate was decreased (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion:PAP combined with Schwann cells modified by GDNF gene can promote the proliferation of human BMSCs in vitro .