Leg Weakness After An Automobile Accident Due To Spinal Cord Ischemia: A Case Report

Anterior spinal artery syndrome, also known as Beck's syndrome, is defined as ischemia or infarction of the spinal cord. Beck's syndrome occurs from aortic thrombus, embolism, or dissection blocking the blood flow to the great radicular artery (GRA) of Adamkiewicz. Abdominal artery embolism due to trauma is relatively rare and urgent detection of vascular injury is substantial to fair clinical outcome of the patient, therefore, we report on a case of traumatic artery dissection presenting as lower leg weakness.

Ulnar Neuropathy Around the Mid-Arm Combined with Martin-Gruber Anastomosis

This study reports a rare case of ulnar neuropathy around the arm with Martin-Gruber anastomosis of a moderate conduction block in the forearm segment and a severe conduction block in the arm segment. Inching tests and ultrasonography showed a lesion between 12 and 14 cm from the medial epicondyle. It is concluded that axilla stimulation may provide diagnostic clues, and inching tests and ultrasonography may be helpful for localizing a lesion.

Bending Stiffness of Rod in Pedicle Screw Systems / 대한척추외과학회지

PURPOSE: To measure bending stiffness of rod in pedicle screw systems and identify the optimal rod for surgical correction of spinal deformities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bending stiffness of six different rods -7 mm stainless steel, 6 mm titanium alloy, 6.35 mm titanium, 5.5 mm titanium, 6 mm Shape Memory Alloy after martensite temperature, 7 mm Shape Memory Alloy after martensite temperature were measured by MTS 858 Bionix test system according to the ASTM standards. The specimen number was 8 for each rod. Young's modulus of elasticity was calculated from load-displacement data. RESULTS: Seven-mm stainless steel rod was stiffer than any other rods with bending stiffness of 143.7 +/- 3.8 N/mm, and also showed largest Young's modulus of elasticity of 135.1 +/- 3.0 GPa. Six-mm Shape Memory Alloy rod after martensite temperature was most flexible with bending stiffness of 58.1 +/- 2.8 N/mm, and showed smallest Young's modulus of elasticity of 68.0 +/-2.1 GPa. Seven-mm Shape Memory Alloy rod after martensite temperature was similar to the 6.35 mm titanium and 6 mm titanium alloy rod in bending stiffness and Young's modulus of elasticity. CONCLUSION: Seven-mm stainless steel rod was the stiffest rod tested, which is necessary to improve correction rate and maintain achieved correction. However, the rod selection should be individulized since stiffer rod might increase the chance of acute failure. Seven-mm Shape Memory Alloy could be more useful in deformity correction than 6 mm Shape Memory Alloy since it was not only similar to other rods in stiffness but also had shape memory function which would be necessary to establish the desired position of the spine.

Clinical Experience with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Nephrocalcinosis in Medullary Spongy Kidney: A Report of 7 Cases / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Patients with medullary spongy kidney(MSK) who recurrently form and pass stones are in danger of developing obstructive nephropathy. Since extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was introduced to treat urinary tract stones, the shock wave application to MSK with stones has been performed. Between February, 1990 and August, 1992, 11 renal units in 7 patients were diagnosed as stones in MSK on intravenous urography. These patients were all symptomatic with hematuria and/or flank pain, and then treated by ESWL. The number of stone-burden minor calyces was 1 to3 in 2 cases( 18.2%), 4 to 6 in 8 cases ( 72.7% ) and 7 or more in 1 case(9.1%). The average numbers of treatment for these stones were 8.5, 13.4 and 4 sessions, respectively and the average storage was 386, 470 and 115, respectively. Reduction in the number and size of the stones on plain films was more than ?5% in 5 cases( 45.4%), 25 to 75% in 4 cases( 36.4%), and less than 25% in 2 cases( 13.2%). Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine clearance rate did not show any change after the treatments. The post-ESWL complication was only persistent gross hematuria for 4 days in 1 case( 14.3% ) In conclusion, although ESWL does not clear the stones completely, the ESWL is considered to be an effective procedure to prevent an obstructive nephropathy and to reduce the frequency of symptomatic stone passage in medullary spongy kidney with stones.

Retreatment Experience in Recurred Congenital Renal A-V Fistula after Intra-arterial Selective Embolization by Gianturco Steel Coil / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Although rare, renal arteriovenous fistulas have been discovered with increasing frequency since they were first described by Varela in 1923. Arteriovenous fistulas are classified as either congenital or acquired. The diagnosis of this condition is usually made by use of renal angiograms. In case of hematuria and/or hypertension either intra-arterial embolization or surgical excision and clipping of the arterial branch can be done. Intra-arterial superselective embolization seems to cause less functional loss of the renal parenchyme, whereas excision often leads to heminephrectomy or even total nephrectomy. Herein, we describe a case treated successfully in recurred renal A-V fistula after transcatheter embolization by Gianturco steel coil and reviewed the literature of renal A-V fistulas.

A Case of Giant Hydronephrosis / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A kidney containing more than 1,000ml fluid in its collecting system is generally defined as giant hydronephrosis. The clinical manifestations of giant hydronephrosis are indistinct. The patient seems to seek medical help late due to tolerable symptoms and particularly in the state of poor economic condition. We present a giant hydronephrosis of contents of 60 liters associated with ureteropelvic junction stricture on a 43-year-old woman. The final diagnosis was performed by exploration of abdomen and nephrectomy was done.

Two Cases of Adrenogenital Syndromes Developed in Sisters / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Virilization in infants and children is most commonly associated with congenitalbilateral cortical hyperplasia in the adrenogenital syndrome. Two cases of adrenogenital syndromes developed in sisters of a 15 and a 13 year-old girlsare presented with brief review of literatures.

59 Cases of posterior Urethral Injury / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A clinical evaluation was made on 59 patients with posterior urethral injury treated in the Department of Urology, Chonnam University Hospital, during the period from January 1980 to December 1986. The results were as follows : 1. Of 157 patients with urethral injuries among 2,932 urological in-patients during the period, 59 sustained posterior urethral injury. These age ranged from 6 to 68 years. 2. The most common cause of posterior urethral injury was traffic accident(59.3%) which is followed by industrial accident(27.1%), falling down(10.2%), iatrogenic(1.7%) and inflammatory(1.7%) in decreasing order. 3. The managements were transperineal end-to-end anastomosis in 28 patients, primary urethral realignment with interlocking sounds in 12, indwelling of Foley catheter in 8, pull-through procedure in 3, cystostomy only in 4, transpubic urethroplasty in 3 and scrotal skin inlay urethroplasty in 1. 4. Of the 28 cases treated with delayed transperineal end-to end anastomosis, postoperative urethral stricture developed in 12(42.9%), impotence in 2(7.1%), incontinence in 2(7.1%) and urethrocutaneous fistula in 1(3.6%). 5. Of the 12 cases treated with primary urethral realignment, urethral stricture developed in 7(58.3%), impotence in 1(8.3%), incontinence in 1(8.3%) and epididymitis in 1(8.3%).

A Case of a Large Pheochromocytoma / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Pheochromocytoma is one of the surgically curable hypertensive syndrome and may arise wherever chromaffin cells are located. A case of a left large adrenal pheochromocytoma developed in a 49 year old male is presented with brief review of literatures.