Progress in endocrine therapy for early breast cancer / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelial tissues of the breast gland. The cause of the disease is not fully understood and may be related to genetic, endocrine and other factors. For estrogen or progesterone receptor-positive early breast cancer, endocrine therapy is efficient, simple, and fewer side-effect, so endocrine therapy plays an important role in the treatment for early breast cancer. But most of them will develop drug-resistant after 8 to 14 months and have to combine with chemotherapy or molecule targeted therapy. However, there are still different ideas in the effects of endocrine therapy drugs alone or in combination with chemotherapy or molecule targeted drugs, pre-menopausally or post-menopausally.

Parecoxib suppresses the increase of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio after the modified radical mastectomy / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To observe the effect of parecoxib on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)after the modified radical mastectomy,and to explore its potential mechanisms for inhibition ofperioperative inflammation.Methods:A total of 40 breast cancer patients undergone the modified radical mastectomy were randomly divided into a parecoxib group (n=20) and a control group (n=20).The parecoxib group received intravenous parecoxib (40 mg,5 mL) during general anesthesia induction,post-operative day 1 and day 2;the control group received intravenous normal saline (5 mL) at the corresponding time points.Their peripheral bloods were collected for routine test in the morning of the surgery day (T1),and Day 1 (T2),Day 3 (T3) and Day7 (T4) after the surgery, and NLRwas calculated.Results:Compared with T1,NLR in the control group at T2 and T3 was significantly increased (P＜0.05),but not at T4 (P＞0.05);NLR in the parecoxib group was sharply increased at T2 (P＜0.01),and returned to preoperative levels at T3 and T4 (P＞0.05).NLR in the parecoxib group was significantly lower than that in the control group at T2 (P＜0.05),but there were no significant difference between the two groups at other time points (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Parecoxib can restrain the inflammatory responses and improve immune function of the breast cancer patients by suppressing the elevation of NLR after the modified radical mastectomy,which is expected to improve the prognosis of the breast cancer patients.

Meta-analysis of endoscopic axillary lymph node dissection versus conventional open excision for breast cancer / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the surgical outcome and the clinical value between endoscopic axillary lymph node dissection and conventional open excision in the treatment of breast cancer. 
@*METHODS@#A computer-based online search of Medline, PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, Vip, Wanfang, CNKI and Chinese Biological Medicine Database was performed, and conference literatures were manually searched. Using the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines, all randomized controlled trials comparing endoscopic axillary lymph node dissection and conventional open excision were systematically reviewed. The Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0 software was used for data analysis. 
@*RESULTS@#A total of 25 studies involving 3 028 patients were included. The results of Meta-analyses showed that there were no significant difference in the number of lymph nodes harvested and recurrence between endoscopic axillary lymph node dissection and conventional open excision (P>0.05). The operative time of endoscopic axillary lymph node dissection was longer than that of conventional open excision. However, it was superior to open excision in the rate of complication and intra-operative blood loss (P<0.05).
@*CONCLUSION@#As a minimally invasive surgery technique to treat breast cancer, endoscopic axillary lymph node dissection might be a promising replacement for conventional axillary lymph node dissection.

Clinical experience on breast fiberoptic ductoscopy from 1 368 re-ported cases of patients with breast intraductal lesion / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To consolidate ten years of clinical experience on the application of breast fiberoptic ductoscopy (FDS) in breast intra-ductal lesion. Methods:The clinical data of 1 368 cases of patients with nipple discharge were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results:Significant differences were observed in the FDS diagnoses of patients with nipple discharge. The rates of tumor de-tection by FDS diagnosis were significantly higher when bloody and serous nipple discharge was used rather than milky and watery nip-ple discharge. For non-tumor nipple discharge, local drug perfusion via FDS was an effective treatment. A total of 303 patients had tu-mor resection or segmentectomy under localization via FDS, and 44 had segmentectomy after breast duct infusion of methylene blue. The diagnostic rate of localization via FDS (97.0%) was higher than that of breast duct infusion of methylene blue (86.4%). Conclu-sion:FDS is an accurate method for diagnosing patients with nipple discharge. In addition, it is also a good local drug perfusion method for patients with breast inflammatory nipple discharge ductoscopy. For patients with tumorous nipple discharge, localization via FDS can help improve the detection of the lesions, which can be removed by surgery.

A case of Sagliker syndrome and literature review / 中南大学学报(医学版)

We analyzed the characters of Sagliker syndrome by reporting a case of Sagliker syndrome and reviewed literature. We found that Sagliker syndrome had low incidence rate, young onset age, and was more common in women. There were high levels of alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone in the blood of the patients. Patients with Sagliker syndrome with primary onset of non-diabetic nephropathy usually had chronic glomerulonephritis. We thought that secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with Sagliker syndrome was induced by parathyroid hyperplasia, but high levels of alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone in the blood of the patients with the secondary hyperparathyroidism were the main cause of Sagliker syndrome. Parathyroidectomy could stop the progress of Sagliker syndrome, but it could not reverse the occurrence of skeletal malformation.

Meta analysis of efficacy and safety between mammotome minimally invasive operation and open excision for benign breast tumor / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the efficacy and safety between mammotome minimally invasive operation and conventional open excision for benign breast tumor.@*METHODS@#A computer-based online search of Medline, PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, VIP, Wanfang, CNKI and Chinese Biological Medicine Database was performed, and conference references were manually searched. With the Cochrane Collaboration Guidelines, all randomized controlled trials comparing mammotome minimally invasive operation and conventional open excision were systematically reviewed. The Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0 software was used for data analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 15 studies involving 5256 patients was included. Meta-analyses showed no significant difference in the size of tumor, postoperative hematomas, ecchymosis, ecchymoma and residual disease between mammotome minimally invasive operation and conventional open excision. Mammotome minimally invasive operation was superior to open excision as to the size of incision, intraoperative blood loss, surgical duration, healing time, size of scar, wound infection and breast deformation.@*CONCLUSION@#Mammotome minimally invasive surgery is an ideal method for benign breast tumor.

Expression and Significance of CA125 and CA15-3 in Human Breast Cancer / 中国医师杂志

Objectiv To investigate the expression and clinical significance of CA125 and CA15-3 in human breast cancer. Methods Radioimmunoassay method was used to determine the serum levels of CA125 and CA15-3 in 80 patients with breast carcinoma, 60 patients with benign breast diseases and 80 normal adults. Results The levels of serum CA125 and CA15-3 in patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ breast carcinomas were significantly higher than those in patients with benign breast diseases,normal adults and stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ breast cancer patients (P0.05). Conclusion CA125 and CA15-3 are helpful to diagnose breast cancer, and can serve as a biological marker for monitoring tumor progression and evaluating prognosis in breast cancer.