Robotização da proteção social: impactos e desafios à atuação profissional do assistente social / The robotization of social protection: impacts and challenges to the professional performance of the social worker

Resumo: Este artigo analisa a robotização da proteção social a partir do estudo de benefícios sociais implementados como resposta à pandemia do novo coronavírus. O desenvolvimento metodológico do estudo pauta-se numa compilação de fontes primárias e secundárias referentes ao Auxílio Emergencial (federal) e à Renda Básica Emergencial (municipal). O artigo se propõe a apontar alguns desafios e impactos à atuação profissional do assistente social no contexto de robotização das políticas de proteção social.

Abstract: This article analyzes the robotization of social protection from the study of social benefits implemented in response to the new coronavirus pandemic. The methodological development is guided by a compilation of primary and secondary sources references to the Auxílio Emergencial study (federal) and to the Emergency Basic Income (municipal). The article proposes to indicate some challenges and impacts to the social worker's professional performance in the robotization of social context policies.

Biomineralization of lithium nanoparticles by Li-resistant Pseudomonas rodhesiae isolated from the Atacama salt flat

BACKGROUND: The Atacama salt flat is located in northern Chile, at 2300 m above sea level, and has a high concentration of lithium, being one of the main extraction sites in the world. The effect of lithium on microorganism communities inhabiting environments with high concentrations of this metal has been scarcely studied. A few works have studied the microorganisms present in lithium-rich salt flats (Uyuni and Hombre Muerto in Bolivia and Argentina, respectively). Nanocrystals formation through biological mineralization has been described as an alternative for microorganisms living in metal-rich environments to cope with metal ions. However, bacterial lithium biomineralization of lithium nanostructures has not been published to date. In the present work, we studied lithium-rich soils of the Atacama salt flat and reported for the first time the biological synthesis of Li nanoparticles. RESULTS: Bacterial communities were evaluated and a high abundance of Cellulomonas, Arcticibacter, Mucilaginibacter, and Pseudomonas were determined. Three lithium resistant strains corresponding to Pseudomonas rodhesiae, Planomicrobium koreense, and Pseudomonas sp. were isolated (MIC > 700 mM). High levels of S2− were detected in the headspace of P. rodhesiae and Pseudomonas sp. cultures exposed to cysteine. Accordingly, biomineralization of lithium sulfide-containing nanomaterials was determined in P. rodhesiae exposed to lithium salts and cysteine. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of ultrathin sections of P. rodhesiae cells biomineralizing lithium revealed the presence of nanometric materials. Lithium sulfide-containing nanomaterials were purified, and their size and shape determined by dynamic light scattering and TEM. Spherical nanoparticles with an average size < 40 nm and a hydro-dynamic size ~ 44.62 nm were determined. CONCLUSIONS: We characterized the bacterial communities inhabiting Li-rich extreme environments and reported for the first time the biomineralization of Li-containing nanomaterials by Li-resistant bacteria. The biosynthesis method described in this report could be used to recover lithium from waste batteries and thus provide a solution to the accumulation of batteries.

Perfil da população idosa que procura o centro de referência em DST/aids de Passos/MG / Profile of the aging population that looks for the DST and aids reference center in Passos/MG

Introdução: falar sobre a sexualidade e o envelhecimento, nos dias atuais, significa abordar dois temas fascinantes, mas, ao mesmo tempo, ainda repletos de preconceitos e tabus. Sentimentos sexuais, necessidades sexuais e relações sexuais não são só um privilégio de jovens; com o aumento da expectativa de vida, os idosos brasileiros passam a vivenciar este processo com maior intensidade. Objetivo: caracterizar a população idosa que procurou o Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento, referência em Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis (DST)/aids, no período de 1992 a 2009, em Passos/MG. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem quantitativa, que orientou a coleta dos dados a partir de consulta a 113 prontuários dos idosos que procuram o serviço, desde sua abertura, em 1992, até 2009; a organização dos dados se deu em tabelas e gráficos, bem como a análise estatística efetuada. Resultados: os dados assinalam predominância de idosos do sexo masculino 74,34%, 51,33% entre a faixa etária de 60 a 65 anos, 35,40% com escolaridade do ensino fundamental e médio, 40,85% casados, 40,70% procuraram o Centro devido à exposição a uma situação de risco, 71,71% são heterossexuais e 66,37% têm relação sexual desprotegida. Conclusão: por este perfil, destaca-se a ampliação dos riscos de contágio e evolução epidemiológica do HIV/aids entre os idosos, indicando a necessidade de intensificar ações preventivas em DST/aids junto a esta população, para que tenham uma vida sexual saudável e segura.

Sexuality and aging nowadays mean talking about two fascinating themes, but at the same time, it is still full of prejudice and taboos. Sexual feelings, needs and relationships are not a privilege only of young people, and with the increase of life expectancy, brazilian mature people started living this process with greater intensity. Objective: to characterize the profile of the aging population who were assisted in the CTC (Counseling and Testing Center) at a STD/Aids Reference Center from 1992 to 2009 in Passos/MG. Methods: it is a descriptive research with quantitative approach, which oriented the data collection from the consultation of 113 files of elderly people who were assisted since the opening of the Reference Center in 1992 until 2009; the organization was shown in graphs and tables as well as the statistics analysis. Results: the data have shown a predominance of 74,34% masculine elderly people, between 60 to 65 years old (51,33%), 35,40% have finished high school and junior high school, 40,85% are married, 40,70% needed the Reference Center due to the exposition to a risk situation, 71,71% are heterosexuals, and 66,37% have unprotected sexual intercourse. Conclusion: with this profileit is highlighted an increase of risk of contamination and the epidemiological evolution of HIV among the elderly, indicating the necessity of developing preventive actions in STD/aids with this population for a safe and healthy sexual life.

Estudo comparativo das complicações vasculares arteriais e biliares no transplante hepático pediátrico com doador vivo e cadavérico / Comparative study of arterial and biliary complications in pediatric liver transplantation with living and cadaveric donors

Introdução: O transplante de fígado melhorar significativamente a taxa de sobrevivência de crianças e adolescentes com doença hepática terminal. Os pacientes, uma vez que tinha um prognóstico fatal, hoje podem ser submetidos a transplante de fígado (TF), com taxas de sobrevida de aproximadamente 90% em um ano. A atresia biliar é a principal indicação para a população pediátrica e para aqueles sofreram uma portoenterostomia e não obtiveram bons resultados com a mesma, representando mais de 50% das crianças menores de 2 anos na Europa e nos EUA. O transplante representa a única opção restante de sobrevivência com um bom benefício terapêutico. Os avanços nos cuidados cirúrgicos e clínicos, levaram a melhoria das técnicas para aumentar a sobrevida dos pacientes submetidos a transplante de fígado. Porém, a hemorragia e as complicações biliares representam o tendão de Aquiles do desenvolvimento deste processo. Além disso, a escassez de órgãos para a população pediátrica motiva o desenvolvimento de novas modalidades de enxertos de fígado, como a redução do enxerto de fígado, o transplante de fígado dividido, e mais recentemente o de doadores vivos. As complicações arteriais e biliares continuam a ser uma importante causa de morbidade, mortalidade e perda do enxerto após o transplante...

Introduction: Liver transplantation greatly improved the survival rate of children and adolescents with terminal liver diseases. Patients, who once had a fatal prognosis, today can be submitted to liver transplantation (LxT), with survival rates of approximately 90% in one year. The biliary atresia is the main indication in the pediatric population and for those for whom underwent a portoenterostomy and did not obtain good results with it, representing more than 50% of children under the age of 2 years in Europe and the U.S, transplantation represents the only remaining therapeutic option with good survival benefit. Advances in clinical care and surgical techniques led to improved survival of patients undergoing liver transplantation, but still the arterial and biliary complications represent the Achilles tendon in the development of this procedure. Moreover, the shortage of organs for the pediatric population motivate the development of new modalities of liver grafts, such as reduced liver graft, the split-liver transplantation and more recently the living donors. Despite the improved results, vascular arterial and biliary remain an important cause of morbidity, mortality and graft loss after transplantation. Methods: Survey in Pubmed and Lilacs to gather data related complications of pediatric liver transplantation between 1999 to 2009...