RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori is detected by pathogen recognition receptors including toll-like receptors (TLR) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, eliciting an innate immune response against this bacteria. The aim of this study was to assess if polymorphisms of TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, NOD1 and NOD2 genes are associated with gastric cancer, in particular in individuals infected with H. pylori. RESULTS: A case-control study of 297 gastric cancer patients and 300 controls was performed to assess the association of 17 polymorphisms. Analyses performed under the allele model did not find association with gastric cancer. However, NOD1 rs2075820 (p.E266K) showed association with intestinal-type gastric cancer among H. pylori infected subjects (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.41-5.13, p = 0.0026). The association was not statistically significant in diffuse-type gastric cancer cases (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 0.63-2.52, p = 0.51). When the analyses were performed in patients carrying H. pylori strains harboring the cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI), we noticed significant association with NOD1 rs2075820 (OR = 4.90, 95% CI 1.80-3.36, p = 0.0019), in particular for intestinal-type gastric cancer cases (OR = 7.16, 95% CI 2.40-21.33, p = 4.1 × 10- 4) but not among diffuse-type gastric cancer cases (OR = 3.39, 95% CI 1.13-0.10, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: NOD1 rs2075820 increases the risk of intestinal-type gastric cancer among individuals infected with H. pylori, particularly in those harboring the cagPAI.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Infecciones por Helicobacter/genética , Proteína Adaptadora de Señalización NOD1/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Helicobacter pylori , Islas GenómicasRESUMEN
Resumen Introducción: La resección quirúrgica ha demostrado ser la única opción curativa para el cáncer gástrico, al incluir linfadenectomía D2 como estándar de seguridad. Sin embargo, el beneficio de extender la resección a la bursa omentalis sigue siendo controvertido. La investigación publicada no ha arrojado evidencia categórica definiendo la eficacia. Realizamos una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados publicados (ECA), para evaluar el beneficio de la bursectomía en la sobrevida global (OS) y la sobrevida libre de enfermedad (SLE) de los pacientes. Como resultado secundario se consideró la seguridad del procedimiento. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos de Pubmed, Cochrane, Scielo, Metabuscador PUC, Epistemonikos, Tripdatabase, Sciencedirect y Lilacs para ECA que compararan la bursectomía con la no bursectomía, publicados antes de marzo de 2016. Se establecieron y aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados: Se encontraron 3 ECA correspondientes a diferentes informes de la misma cohorte de pacientes. Se incluyeron 210 pacientes (104 en el grupo de bursectomía y 106 en el grupo de no bursectomía). La bursectomía no tuvo un efecto significativo ni en la OS a 5 años (HR: 1,4; IC del 95%: 0,87-2,25) ni en la SLE (HR: 1,25; IC del 95% 0,80-1,97). No se observó diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la tasa de complicaciones al comparar el grupo de bursectomía y el grupo de no bursectomía. Conclusión: La gastrectomía con bursectomía no es superior a la no bursectomía, ya sea en términos de OS a 5 años o de SLE.
Abstract Introduction: The surgical resection has proved to be the only curative option for Gastric Cancer, when including D2 linfadenectomy as security standard. The benefit of extending the resection to the bursa omentalis, however, is still controversial. The published research has not yielded categorical evidence on defining the efficacy of bursectomy. We conducted a systematic review of published randomized controlled trials (RCT), to evaluate the benefit of bursectomy in the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients. As secondary outcome, was considered the safety of the procedure. Methods: A literature search was conducted in Pubmed, Cochrane library databases, Scielo, Metabuscador PUC, Epistemonikos, Tripdatabase, Sciencedirect, and Lilacs for randomized clinical trials comparing bursectomy with non-bursectomy, published before March 2016. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established and applied. Results: We found three RCT corresponding to different reports of the same cohort of randomized patients. They included 210 patients (104 in the bursectomy group, and 106 in the non-bursectomy group). The bursectomy did not have a significant effect either on 5-years OS (HR: 1.4; 95%CI: 0,87-2,25), or on DFS (HR: 1.25; 95% CI: 0,80-1,97). No statistically significant difference was observed in the rate of complications, when comparing the bursectomy group and the non-bursectomy group. Conclusion: Gastrectomy with bursectomy is not superior to non-bursectomy either in terms of 5 years OS or on DFS.
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Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Gastrectomía/métodos , Cavidad Peritoneal/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Análisis de Supervivencia , Supervivencia sin EnfermedadRESUMEN
Background: Gastric cancer is the first cause of death by cáncer in Chile. Quality of Life is a multidimensional construct that explores functionality and well-being, including physiological, psychological and social aspects. Aim: To assess Quality of Life of patients operated for gastric cancer. Patients and methods: The European Organization Research and Treatment of Cáncer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-30), translated into Spanish, was applied to 33 patients, aged 42 to 82 years (25 males), subjected to curative total or subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer, between January 2004 and December 2006. Results: The average lapse from the moment of the surgical intervention to the interview, was 52.2 weeks. Fifty five percent perceived their Quality of Life in the "good" category. Male patients and those with less than 6 months of surgery, obtained better scores in psychological aspects of quality of life. Conclusions: A high percentage of patients operated for gastric cancer qualified their quality of life as good in spite of the severity of the underlying disease and invasiveness of the intervention. This is probably explained by the importance of psychological factors that influence quality of life.
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Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Gastrectomía/psicología , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Chile , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Neoplasias Gástricas/psicología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Analiza que la tuberculosis esofágica es una entidad clínica rara. Esta puede ser sitio excepcional de una reactivación tuberculosa o más frecuentemente puede coexistir con la tuberculosis mediastinal extraesofágica. Debido a que clínicamente simula a la neoplasia esofágica, pero difiere en su tratamiento, su diagnóstico correcto es crucial. Presentamos un caso de tuberculosis de reactivación esofágica sin otros signos radiográficos visibles de actividad tuberculosa. La disfagia progresiva y los hallazgos endoscópicos-radiológicos sugerían cáncer esofágico por lo que se decidió el procedimiento quirúrgico: resección-anatomosis. El examen patológico de la pieza anátomo-quirúrgica reveló granulomas con bacilos ácido-resistentes en la pared del esófago y tuberculosis caseosa ganglionar periesofágica...