La importancia de la evidencia y de la adherencia a los protocolos clínicos en bienestar de los pacientes. Caso clínico de morbimortalidad

We report a 32-year-old woman with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis undergoing a nephrectomy for left xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with a coralliform calculus and septic shock. Her clinical evolution was torpid, subfebrile, with persistent elevation of inflammatory parameters and with the finding of intra-abdominal collections interpreted as post-surgical. Finally faced with microbiological evidence of infection of the collections, the patient was operated and tended to improve. Subsequently, she underwent a difficult mechanical ventilation weaning, identifying the abrupt discontinuation of benzodiazepines as a contributing factor to agitation. We report this patient for educational purposes and to reinforce some quality-of-care concepts such as safety and opportunity of healthcare.

Angiomiolipoma renal: ¿es siempre un tumor benigno? / Renal angiomyolipoma: Is it always a benign tumor?

El angiomiolipoma (AML) renal es un tumor sólido compuesto por células de músculo liso, vasos sanguíneos dismórfi cos y tejido adiposo. Esta lesión ha sido considerada siempre como una neoplasia benigna. Reportamos a una paciente de 44 años, asintomática, con una lesión sugerente de AML mayor a 4 cm en el TAC que fue sometida a nefrectomía parcial abierta. La biopsia definitiva informó un angiomiolipoma con componente epiteloídeo focal (AMLE). Controles de imágenes posteriores de esta paciente no han evidenciado recidivia. El angiomiolipoma epiteloídeo (AMLE) es una variante descrita en los últimos años y que sugiere un cambio en el paradigma clásico de “benignidad” asociada al AML Las guías para el manejo de los AML no toman en cuenta la posibilidad de que se trate de un AMLE en sus recomendaciones. Existe muy poca información respecto al manejo de este tipo de lesiones, sólo hay series de casos publicadas. Faltan estudios prospectivos que otorguen herramientas para la toma de decisiones terapéuticas adecuadas en estos pacientes.

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a solid tumor formed by smooth muscle cells, dimorphic blood vessels and adipose tissue. This lesion has been always considered as a benign neoplasm. We report an asymptomatic 44 year-old female patient, with a tumor suggesting an AML in a CT scan greater than 4 cms, who had an open partial nephrectomy. The biopsy report showed an AML with a focal epithelioid component. Follow-up imaging in this case has not showed any recurrence. Epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is a variant with malignant potential that must be considered when a patient with a renal AML is been evaluated. Guidelines for AML management do not take AMLE as a differential diagnosis. Few studies have been published regarding the management of this kind of lesion, only consisting of case series. There is lack of prospective studies that could give tools for the decision-making process in the treatment of these patients.

Neumonía en organización por radiación en el paciente con cáncer de mama: Caso clínico / Radiation organizing pneumonia: Report of one case

We report a 64 years-old woman who underwent sparing mastectomy with adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer. One month after the end of radiotherapy, she presented with malaise, fever, fatigue, cough and migratory bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on serial radiological images. The microbiological studies of broncha alveolar lavage were negative. The patient under went a trans bronchial biopsy and the pathological diagnosis was compatible with an organizing pneumonia presumably associated with radiotherapy. Systemic steroid treatment was successful with rapid and complete resolution ofclinical and radiographic manifestations.